Canada climate and weather data

Formaldehyde Overview and Intended Use Multiple sources contribute to ambient formaldehyde including but not limited to wildfire emissions, industrial activities, and secondary production resulting from the oxidation of other compounds emitted by industries and vegetations. Formaldehyde is a carcinogenic, hazardous air pollutant. While ambient formaldehyde concentrations are usually below U.S. federal recommendations, ambient exposure can cause health issues in people. In addition to measuring formaldehyde for its impacts on human health, satellite formaldehyde observations are also extremely valuable in understanding atmospheric chemistry and production of ground-level ozone.   Layer Overview The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) Formaldehyde Vertical Column layer provides information on the amount of formaldehyde in the atmosphere as a vertical column density, calculated in molecules per square centimeter (molecules/cm^2). In other words, the total number of formaldehyde molecules present in the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere over an area of one square centimeter. Typical values range from 0 to 6e16 molecules/cm^2, though certain events like wildfires may cause these limits to be exceeded. Formaldehyde Level 3 files provide trace gas information on a regular grid consisting of 0.02° x 0.02° grid points across the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle, using an area-weighted re-gridding approach. The data have been converted from their native file format (netCDF4) to Cloud Raster Format (CRF). TEMPO V04 algorithms address known issues in the V03, improving data quality. As a result, there are differences between the TEMPO V03 and V04 data. While qualitative analyses and general trends may remain similar between both versions, merging versions for quantitative analysis is discouraged. For details on the changes in the data, please see the User Guide on the TEMPO site.  Temporal CoverageThe temporal resolution of a nominal scan is approximately one hour during daylight hours, with more frequent scans in the morning over the eastern portion of the field of regard and in the evenings over the western portion of the field of regard. Each image is presented with the starting timestamp of the corresponding TEMPO scan. Due to the nature of the TEMPO instrument’s east to west scanning pattern, each image is a composite of measurements taken over a period of 40-60 minutes, depending on the spatial coverage of the scan.  This service was created using TEMPO data version (V03), which was released publicly on May 24, 2024, and cover the time period from August 2, 2023 to September 16, 2025. TEMPO Version 04 (V04) Level 1, 2, and 3 standard data products began production on September 17, 2025. All observations since the beginning of the mission are being reprocessed with V04 algorithms, with V04 products becoming publicly available as they are reprocessed. The TEMPO V04 data are accessible via this service. Once the V03 data reprocessing is completed, this V03 service will be deprecated.  Geographic CoverageImagery is available for the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. The imagery in this image service is regridded onto a 0.02º longitude x 0.02º latitude grid and presented in the geographic coordinate system WGS 1984. The sensor’s native spatial resolution is ~2 km x 4.75 km at the center of TEMPO’s field of regard (33.5°N, 89.2°W) in WGS 1984. Data FilteringThe layer is filtered to remove low-quality pixels using the main data quality flag (removing low confidence measurements), solar zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high solar zenith angles), and effective cloud fraction (removing where clouds obscure the column) variables. The filters applied are set to remove pixels based on the following: main_data_quality_flag > 1, eff_cloud_fraction > 0.5, and solar_zenith_angle > 80.  Data Validation and Limitations of UseThese data should be considered as provisional products per the Provisional Product Maturity level defined in the TEMPO validation plan. These data are at provisional maturity, which means that product performance has been demonstrated through a large, but still (seasonally or otherwise) limited number of independent measurements. The analysis is sufficient for limited qualitative determinations of product fitness-for-purpose, and the product is potentially ready for testing by operational users and may be suitable for scientific publication. Users may consult the TEMPO User Guide for descriptions of the data and associated known issues.  The information shown here is total column density (molecules per unit area for the whole vertical column of the atmosphere), not a concentration. Atmospheric concentration refers to the amount of trace gas (e.g., formaldehyde) in a specific point (in this case altitude). Conversion from total column density to atmospheric concentration requires additional information, such as the state of the atmosphere and the vertical distribution of the column, which are not provided in this layer. The use of this layer to derive atmospheric concentrations of formaldehyde is discouraged for the non-specialist. Recommended Usage NotesWhen viewing the image service in the Esri online map viewer, it is recommended to use the multidimensional slider rather than the default time slider. The multidimensional slider can be accessed via the “multidimensional” icon in the right-hand menu.  TEMPO Mission Overview The TEMPO instrument is a grating spectrometer, sensitive to visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of light with a spectral range of 290-490 + 540-740 nm and 0.6 nm spectral resolution. The TEMPO instrument is attached to the Earth-facing side of a commercial telecommunications satellite (Intelsat 40e) in geostationary orbit over 91˚ W longitude (about 22,000 miles above Earth’s equator). This allows TEMPO to maintain a continuous view of North America so that the instrument's light-collecting mirror can make a complete east-to-west scan of the field of regard hourly during daylight hours. By measuring sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere back to the instrument's detectors, TEMPO's ultraviolet and visible light sensors provide measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, and other constituents involved in the chemical dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere. The primary mission objective of TEMPO is to improve our understanding of air quality and its impacts. By providing near real-time data and comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements, TEMPO helps advance knowledge of the Earth system and improve air quality forecasting. These data also aid in quantifying how air quality affects vegetation, agriculture, and human health. ContactFor inquiries about this service, please contact larc-dl-asdc-tempo@mail.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the  Earthdata Forum.

Formaldehyde Overview and Intended Use Multiple sources contribute to ambient formaldehyde including but not limited to wildfire emissions, industrial activities, and secondary production resulting from the oxidation of other compounds emitted by industries and vegetations. Formaldehyde is a carcinogenic, hazardous air pollutant. While ambient formaldehyde concentrations are usually below U.S. federal recommendations, ambient exposure can cause health issues in people. In addition to measuring formaldehyde for its impacts on human health, satellite formaldehyde observations are also extremely valuable in understanding atmospheric chemistry and production of ground-level ozone.   Layer Overview The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) Formaldehyde Vertical Column layer provides information on the amount of formaldehyde in the atmosphere as a vertical column density, calculated in molecules per square centimeter (molecules/cm^2). In other words, the total number of formaldehyde molecules present in the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere over an area of one square centimeter. Typical values range from 0 to 6e16 molecules/cm^2, though certain events like wildfires may cause these limits to be exceeded. Formaldehyde Level 3 files provide trace gas information on a regular grid consisting of 0.02° x 0.02° grid points across the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle, using an area-weighted re-gridding approach. The data have been converted from their native file format (netCDF4) to Cloud Raster Format (CRF). Temporal CoverageThe temporal resolution of a nominal scan is approximately one hour during daylight hours, with more frequent scans in the morning over the eastern portion of the field of regard and in the evenings over the western portion of the field of regard. Each image is presented with the starting timestamp of the corresponding TEMPO scan. Due to the nature of the TEMPO instrument’s east to west scanning pattern, each image is a composite of measurements taken over a period of 40-60 minutes, depending on the spatial coverage of the scan. Data are available from September 17, 2025 to present and updated daily with the previous day’s data.The previous TEMPO data version (V03) was released publicly on May 24, 2024, and cover the time period from August 2, 2023 to September 16, 2025. All observations since the beginning of the mission are being reprocessed with V04 algorithms, with V04 products becoming publicly available in this service as they are reprocessed. The TEMPO V03 data are accessible via this service. Once the V03 data reprocessing is completed, the V03 service will be deprecated.   Geographic CoverageImagery is available for the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. The imagery in this image service is regridded onto a 0.02º longitude x 0.02º latitude grid and presented in the geographic coordinate system WGS 1984. The sensor’s native spatial resolution is ~2 km x 4.75 km at the center of TEMPO’s field of regard (33.5°N, 89.2°W) in WGS 1984. Data FilteringThe layer is filtered to remove low-quality pixels using the main data quality flag (removing low confidence measurements), solar zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high solar zenith angles), and effective cloud fraction (removing where clouds obscure the column) variables. The filters applied are set to remove pixels based on the following: main_data_quality_flag > 1, eff_cloud_fraction > 0.5, or solar_zenith_angle > 80.  Data Validation and Limitations of UseThese data should be considered as provisional products per the Provisional Product Maturity level defined in the TEMPO validation plan. These data are at provisional maturity, which means that product performance has been demonstrated through a large, but still (seasonally or otherwise) limited number of independent measurements. The analysis is sufficient for limited qualitative determinations of product fitness-for-purpose, and the product is potentially ready for testing by operational users and may be suitable for scientific publication. Users may consult the TEMPO User Guide for descriptions of the data and associated known issues.  TEMPO V04 algorithms address known issues in the V03, improving data quality. As a result, there are differences between the TEMPO V03 and V04 data. While qualitative analyses and general trends may remain similar between both versions, merging versions for quantitative analysis is discouraged. For details on the changes in the data, please see the User Guide on the TEMPO site.  Note: The information shown here is total column density (molecules per unit area for the whole vertical column of the atmosphere), not a concentration. Atmospheric concentration refers to the amount of trace gas (e.g., formaldehyde) in a specific point (in this case altitude). Conversion from total column density to atmospheric concentration requires additional information, such as the state of the atmosphere and the vertical distribution of the column, which are not provided in this layer. The use of this layer to derive atmospheric concentrations of formaldehyde is discouraged for the non-specialist. Recommended Usage NotesWhen viewing the image service in the Esri online map viewer, it is recommended to use the multidimensional slider rather than the default time slider. The multidimensional slider can be accessed via the “multidimensional” icon in the right-hand menu.  TEMPO Mission Overview The TEMPO instrument is a grating spectrometer, sensitive to visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of light with a spectral range of 290-490 + 540-740 nm and 0.6 nm spectral resolution. The TEMPO instrument is attached to the Earth-facing side of a commercial telecommunications satellite (Intelsat 40e) in geostationary orbit over 91˚ W longitude (about 22,000 miles above Earth’s equator). This allows TEMPO to maintain a continuous view of North America so that the instrument's light-collecting mirror can make a complete east-to-west scan of the field of regard hourly during daylight hours. By measuring sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere back to the instrument's detectors, TEMPO's ultraviolet and visible light sensors provide measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, and other constituents involved in the chemical dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere. The primary mission objective of TEMPO is to improve our understanding of air quality and its impacts. By providing near real-time data and comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements, TEMPO helps advance knowledge of the Earth system and improve air quality forecasting. These data also aid in quantifying how air quality affects vegetation, agriculture, and human health. ContactFor inquiries about this service, please contact larc-dl-asdc-tempo@mail.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the  Earthdata Forum.

Ozone Overview and Intended Use Ozone (O₃) is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms and is naturally present in our atmosphere. It has a profound influence on life on Earth and the atmosphere. It exists in different layers of the atmosphere, with the largest abundance in the stratosphere, where it forms the ozone layer. This layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, preventing it from reaching the surface and reducing the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues, while also protecting ecosystems. However, ozone near the ground is a major pollutant that can cause respiratory problems and environmental damage. In addition, ozone plays a critical role in the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere and acts as an important greenhouse gas in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Therefore, we monitor total column ozone and its vertical distribution using various instruments such as satellites and ground-based observations.   These observations usually provide the ozone columns as Dobson Units (DU), which is a unit of measurement of the amount of a trace gas in a vertical column through the Earth’s atmosphere. Per the definition of Dobson units, 1 Dobson Unit corresponds to a 0.01 mm thick ozone layer at standard atmospheric conditions (0°C (or 273.15 K), 1 atm (or 1013.25 hPa)). Understanding and tracking ozone levels is crucial for assessing environmental changes, monitoring ozone depletion, and ensuring the continued protection of life on Earth.   Layer Overview The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) Gridded Total Column Ozone layer provides information on the amount of ozone in the atmosphere as a total column, expressed in Dobson Units (DU). In other words, it represents the total amount of ozone molecules present in the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. Ozone Level 3 files provide trace gas information on a regular grid consisting of 0.02° x 0.02° grid points across the field of regard. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle, using an area-weighted re-gridding approach. The data have been converted from their native file format (netCDF4) to Cloud Raster Format (CRF).   Temporal Coverage The temporal resolution of a nominal scan is approximately one hour during daylight hours, with more frequent scans in the morning over the eastern portion of the field of regard and in the evenings over the western portion of the field of regard. Each image is presented with the starting timestamp of the corresponding TEMPO scan. Due to the nature of the TEMPO instrument’s east to west scanning pattern, each image is a composite of measurements taken over a period of 40-60 minutes, depending on the spatial coverage of the scan. Data are available from September 17, 2025 to present and updated daily with the previous day’s data.   The previous TEMPO data version (V03) was released publicly on May 24, 2024, and cover the time period from August 2, 2023 to September 16, 2025. All observations since the beginning of the mission are being reprocessed with V04 algorithms, with V04 products becoming publicly available in this service as they are reprocessed. The TEMPO V03 data are accessible via this service. Once the V03 data reprocessing is completed, the V03 service will be deprecated.     Geographic Coverage Imagery is available for the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. The imagery in this image service is regridded onto a 0.02º longitude x 0.02º latitude grid and presented in the geographic coordinate system WGS 1984. The sensor’s native spatial resolution is ~2 km x 4.75 km at the center of TEMPO’s field of regard (33.5°N, 89.2°W) in WGS 1984.   Data Filtering The layer is filtered to remove low-quality pixels based using the solar zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high solar zenith angles) and viewing zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high viewing zenith angles). The applied filters remove pixels based on the following: solar_zenith_angle > 80 or viewing_zenith_angle > 80. The filtering using the quality flag is pre-applied during the Level 3 data generation process to remove pixels based on quality_flag is not 0, 1, 2, or 5.   Data Validation and Limitations of Use These data should be considered as provisional products per the Provisional Product Maturity level defined in the TEMPO validation plan. These data are at provisional maturity, which means that product performance has been demonstrated through a large, but still (seasonally or otherwise) limited number of independent measurements. The analysis is sufficient for limited qualitative determinations of product fitness-for-purpose, and the product is potentially ready for testing by operational users and may be suitable for scientific publication. Users may consult the user guide for descriptions of the data and associated known issues.  TEMPO V04 algorithms address known issues in the V03, improving data quality. As a result, there are differences between the TEMPO V03 and V04 data. While qualitative analyses and general trends may remain similar between both versions, merging versions for quantitative analysis is discouraged. For details on the changes in the data, please see the User Guide on the TEMPO site.  Recommended Usage Notes When viewing the image service in the ESRI online map viewer, it is recommended to use the multidimensional slider rather than the default time slider. The multidimensional slider can be accessed via the “multidimensional” icon in the right-hand menu.  TEMPO Mission Overview  The TEMPO instrument is a grating spectrometer, sensitive to visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of light with a spectral range of 290-490 + 540-740 nm and 0.6 nm spectral resolution. The TEMPO instrument is attached to the Earth-facing side of a commercial telecommunications satellite (Intelsat 40e) in geostationary orbit over 91˚ W longitude (about 22,000 miles above Earth’s equator). This allows TEMPO to maintain a continuous view of North America so that the instrument's light-collecting mirror can make a complete east-to-west scan of the field of regard hourly during daylight hours. By measuring sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere back to the instrument's detectors, TEMPO's UV and VIS light sensors provide measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, and other constituents involved in the chemical dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere.   The primary mission objective of TEMPO is to improve our understanding of air quality and its impacts. By providing near real-time data and comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements, TEMPO helps advance knowledge of the Earth system and improve air quality forecasting. These data also aid in quantifying how air quality affects vegetation, agriculture, and human health.   Contact For inquiries about this service, please contact larc-dl-asdc-tempo@mail.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the  Earthdata Forum.

Dates of Images: May 5, 2022-May 16, 2022 Summary: GPM IMERG Early Precipitation Rate L3 V07(GPM IMERG Early Precipitation L3 Half Hourly 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07 (GPM_3IMERGHHL 07))is an image service derived from the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Early dataset. The web service shows total precipitation (mm) for the date range outlined by aggregating 30-minute intervals. This data is shown as cumulative (from start date) and on a daily basis. IMERG is an algorithm that estimates precipitation rate from multiple passive microwave sensors in the GPM constellation, the GPM Dual-Frequency Radar, and infrared (IR) sensors mounted on geostationary satellites. Currently, the near-real-time Early estimates have no concluding calibration. Briefly describing the Early Run, the input precipitation estimates computed from the various satellite passive microwave sensors are intercalibrated to the Combined Radar-Radiometer Algorithm (CORRA) product (because it is presumed to be the best snapshot Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)/GPM estimate after adjustment to the monthly Global Precipitation Climatology Project Satellite-Gauge (GPCP SG)), then "forward morphed" and combined with microwave precipitation-calibrated geo-IR fields to provide half-hourly precipitation estimates on a 0.1°x0.1° (roughly 10x10 km) grid over the globe. Precipitation phase is computed using analyses of surface temperature, humidity, and pressure. Credits: Huffman, G.J., E.F. Stocker, D.T. Bolvin, E.J. Nelkin, Jackson Tan (2024), GPM IMERG Early Precipitation L3 Half Hourly 0.1 degree x 0.1 degree V07, Greenbelt, MD, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed [Data Access Date], 10.5067/GPM/IMERG/3B-HH-E/07 Data Access: This data was accessed using Giovanni with a sample URL as follows:https://giovanni.gsfc.nasa.gov/giovanni/#service=AcMp&starttime=2026-04-10T00:00:00Z&endtime=2026-04-16T23:59:59Z&bbox=130.0781,-3.3838,163.125,26.8506&data=GPM_3IMERGHHL_07_precipitation Dataset at a Glance Shortname: GPM_3IMERGHHL DOI:10.5067/GPM/IMERG/3B-HH-E/07 Version: 07 Coverage: -180.0,-90.0,180.0,90.0 Temporal Coverage: 1998-01-01 to Present Data Resolution Spatial: 0.1 ° x 0.1 ° Temporal: 30 minutes

Ozone (O₃) is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms and is naturally present in our atmosphere. It has a profound influence on life on Earth and the atmosphere. It exists in different layers of the atmosphere, with the largest abundance in the stratosphere, where it forms the ozone layer. This layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, preventing it from reaching the surface and reducing the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues, while also protecting ecosystems. However, ozone near the ground is a major pollutant that can cause respiratory problems and environmental damage. In addition, ozone plays a critical role in the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere and acts as an important greenhouse gas in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Therefore, we monitor total column ozone and its vertical distribution using various instruments such as satellites and ground-based observations.   These observations usually provide the ozone columns as Dobson Units (DU), which is a unit of measurement of the amount of a trace gas in a vertical column through the Earth’s atmosphere. Per the definition of Dobson units, 1 Dobson Unit corresponds to a 0.01 mm thick ozone layer at standard atmospheric conditions (0°C (or 273.15 K), 1 atm (or 1013.25 hPa)). Understanding and tracking ozone levels is crucial for assessing environmental changes, monitoring ozone depletion, and ensuring the continued protection of life on Earth.   Layer Overview The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) Gridded Total Column Ozone layer provides information on the amount of ozone in the atmosphere as a total column, expressed in Dobson Units (DU). In other words, it represents the total amount of ozone molecules present in the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to the top of the atmosphere. Ozone Level 3 files provide trace gas information on a regular grid consisting of 0.02° x 0.02° grid points across the field of regard. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle, using an area-weighted re-gridding approach. The data have been converted from their native file format (netCDF4) to Cloud Raster Format (CRF).   The processing algorithms for the TEMPO V04 data were modified from the V03 algorithms to address known issues and improve data quality. As a result, there are differences between the TEMPO V03 and V04 data. General visual analyses and overall trends may still be made between the two versions but direct comparison of absolute data values between versions is not recommended. For details on the changes in the data, please see the User Guide on the TEMPO site.  Temporal Coverage The temporal resolution of a nominal scan is approximately one hour during daylight hours, with more frequent scans in the morning over the eastern portion of the field of regard and in the evenings over the western portion of the field of regard. Each image is presented with the starting timestamp of the corresponding TEMPO scan. Due to the nature of the TEMPO instrument’s east to west scanning pattern, each image is a composite of measurements taken over a period of 40-60 minutes, depending on the spatial coverage of the scan.    This service was created using TEMPO data version (V03), which was released publicly on May 24, 2024, and cover the time period from August 2, 2023 to September 16, 2025. TEMPO Version 04 (V04) Level 1, 2, and 3 standard data products began production on September 17, 2025. All observations since the beginning of the mission are being reprocessed with V04 algorithms, with V04 products becoming publicly available as they are reprocessed. The TEMPO V04 data are accessible via this service. Once the V03 data reprocessing is completed, this V03 service will be deprecated.   Geographic Coverage Imagery is available for the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. The imagery in this image service is regridded onto a 0.02º longitude x 0.02º latitude grid and presented in the geographic coordinate system WGS 1984. The sensor’s native spatial resolution is ~2 km x 4.75 km at the center of TEMPO’s field of regard (33.5°N, 89.2°W) in WGS 1984.   Data Filtering The layer is filtered to remove low-quality pixels using the solar zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high solar zenith angles). The applied filter removes pixels based on the following: solar_zenith_angle > 80.   Data Validation and Limitations of Use These data should be considered as provisional products per the Provisional Product Maturity level defined in the TEMPO validation plan. These data are at provisional maturity, which means that product performance has been demonstrated through a large, but still (seasonally or otherwise) limited number of independent measurements. The analysis is sufficient for limited qualitative determinations of product fitness-for-purpose, and the product is potentially ready for testing by operational users and may be suitable for scientific publication. Users may consult the user guide for descriptions of the data and associated known issues.  Recommended Usage Notes When viewing the image service in the ESRI online map viewer, it is recommended to use the multidimensional slider rather than the default time slider. The multidimensional slider can be accessed via the “multidimensional” icon in the right-hand menu.  TEMPO Mission Overview  The TEMPO instrument is a grating spectrometer, sensitive to visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of light with a spectral range of 290-490 + 540-740 nm and 0.6 nm spectral resolution. The TEMPO instrument is attached to the Earth-facing side of a commercial telecommunications satellite (Intelsat 40e) in geostationary orbit over 91˚ W longitude (about 22,000 miles above Earth’s equator). This allows TEMPO to maintain a continuous view of North America so that the instrument's light-collecting mirror can make a complete east-to-west scan of the field of regard hourly during daylight hours. By measuring sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere back to the instrument's detectors, TEMPO's UV and VIS light sensors provide measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, and other constituents involved in the chemical dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere.   The primary mission objective of TEMPO is to improve our understanding of air quality and its impacts. By providing near real-time data and comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements, TEMPO helps advance knowledge of the Earth system and improve air quality forecasting. These data also aid in quantifying how air quality affects vegetation, agriculture, and human health.   Contact For inquiries about this service, please contact larc-dl-asdc-tempo@mail.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the  Earthdata Forum.

Dates of Images: Summary: Storms that produce heavy rain, damaging winds, hail, and tornadoes often exhibit distinct cloud-top patterns in satellite imagery. Two of these patterns, overshooting tops (OTs) and above-anvil cirrus plumes (AACPs), are frequently observed over intense storms. Using deep learning techniques, researchers at NASA Langley Research Center developed software to automatically detect these severe storm signatures in 500m GOES satellite data collected every 5 minutes. Emergency managers can use this raster data to quickly identify locations where severe storms likely occurred, complementing ground-based reports in regions with limited observations. Severe weather on the ground is more likely when OTs and AACPs are both detected and in areas where detections are clustered or observed repeatedly. Long, nearly straight lines of OT and AACP time-aggregated detections can indicate severe storm tracks. Suggested Use: Near real-time situational awareness about locations where severe storm impacts may have occurred. Example Uses: Target additional information collection. Prioritize field activities (e.g. assessments, resource allocation). Satellite/Sensor/Resolution: GOES-R satellite channels 13 and 15 at approximately 2 km resolution and 5-10 mins. There were some issues with some of the cases GOES files so there are times in which they were skipped. GFS tropopause temperature was also used. Data are all interpolated to 0.5 km resolution. Credits: If you use this software in your project, please contact our team prior to publication and cite our contribution. When using this software, credit the technical background and validation for this software as described here: Cooney, J. W., Bedka, K. M., Liles, C. A., and Homeyer, C. R. (in review). Automated Detection of Overshooting Tops and Above Anvil Cirrus Plumes Within Geostationary Imagery Using Deep Learning. Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems. Code is available at https://github.com/nasa/svrstormsig. Esri REST Endpoint: See URL to the right. WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_EX2603_202205_FLOOD_MN/ex2603_severestorm/MapServer/WMSServer

Ozone Overview and Intended UseOzone (O₃) is a gas composed of three oxygen atoms and is naturally present in our atmosphere. It has a profound influence on life on Earth and the atmosphere. It exists in different layers of the atmosphere, with the largest abundance in the stratosphere, where it forms the ozone layer. This layer absorbs harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the Sun, preventing it from reaching the surface and reducing the risk of skin cancer, cataracts, and other health issues, while also protecting ecosystems. However, ozone near the ground is a major pollutant that can cause respiratory problems and environmental damage. In addition, ozone plays a critical role in the oxidizing capacity of the troposphere and acts as an important greenhouse gas in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. Therefore, total column ozone and its vertical distribution are monitored using various instruments such as satellites and ground-based observations. These observations usually provide the ozone columns as Dobson Units (DU), which is a unit of measurement of the amount of a trace gas in a vertical column through the Earth’s atmosphere. Per the definition of Dobson units, 1 Dobson Unit corresponds to a 0.01 mm thick ozone layer at standard atmospheric conditions (0°C (or 273.15 K), 1 atm (or 1013.25 hPa)). Understanding and tracking ozone levels is crucial for assessing environmental changes, monitoring ozone depletion, and ensuring the continued protection of life on Earth. Layer Overview The Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution (TEMPO) 0-2 km column ozone layer provides information on the amount of ozone in the atmosphere as a total column, expressed in Dobson Units (DU). In other words, it represents the total amount of ozone molecules present in the atmosphere from the Earth’s surface to 2 kilometers (km) above the Earth’s surface. Ozone Level 3 files provide trace gas information on a regular grid consisting of 0.04° x 0.04° grid points across the field of regard. Level 3 files are derived by combining information from all Level 2 files constituting a TEMPO East-West scan cycle, using an area-weighted regridding approach. The data have been converted from their native file format (netCDF4) to Cloud Raster Format (CRF).  Temporal Coverage The temporal resolution of a nominal scan is approximately one hour during daylight hours, with more frequent scans in the morning over the eastern portion of the field of regard and in the evenings over the western portion of the field of regard. Each image is presented with the starting timestamp of the corresponding TEMPO scan. Due to the nature of the TEMPO instrument’s east to west scanning pattern, each image is a composite of measurements taken over a period of 40-60 minutes, depending on the spatial coverage of the scan. Data are available from September 17, 2025 to present and updated daily with the previous day’s data. The previous TEMPO data version (V03) cover the time period from August 2, 2023 to September 16, 2025. All observations since the beginning of the mission are being reprocessed with V04 algorithms. These data will be added to this service once they are reprocessed.  Geographic Coverage Imagery is available for the TEMPO field of regard covering the continental United States (CONUS), much of Mexico, Canada, and the Caribbean. The imagery in this image service is regridded onto a 0.04º longitude x 0.04º latitude grid and presented in the geographic coordinate system WGS 1984. The sensor’s native spatial resolution is ~2 km x 4.75 km at the center of TEMPO’s field of regard (33.5°N, 89.2°W) in WGS 1984. Data Filtering The layer is filtered to remove low-quality pixels based using the solar zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high solar zenith angles), viewing zenith angle (removing data retrieved at high viewing zenith angles), and effective cloud fraction (removing where clouds obscure the tropospheric column) variables. The applied filters remove pixels based on the following: solar_zenith_angle > 80 or viewing_zenith_angle > 80 or eff_cloud_fraction > 0.5.  Data Validation and Limitations of Use These data should be considered as beta products per the Provisional Product Maturity level defined in the TEMPO validation plan. The products are not optimized for operational use and anomalies may exist. Users should refrain from making conclusive public statements regarding science and applications of the TEMPO data products until the products are designated to be at the provisional validation status according to the validation plan. Users may consult the user guide for descriptions of the data and associated known issues.  Recommended Usage Notes When viewing the image service in the Esri online map viewer, it is recommended to use the multidimensional slider rather than the default time slider. The multidimensional slider can be accessed via the “multidimensional” icon in the right-hand menu.  TEMPO Mission Overview  The TEMPO instrument is a grating spectrometer, sensitive to visible (VIS) and ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths of light with a spectral range of 290-490 + 540-740 nm and 0.6 nm spectral resolution. The TEMPO instrument is attached to the Earth-facing side of a commercial telecommunications satellite (Intelsat 40e) in geostationary orbit over 91˚ W longitude (about 22,000 miles above Earth’s equator). This allows TEMPO to maintain a continuous view of North America so that the instrument's light-collecting mirror can make a complete east-to-west scan of the field of regard hourly during daylight hours. By measuring sunlight reflected and scattered from the Earth's surface and atmosphere back to the instrument's detectors, TEMPO's UV and VIS light sensors provide measurements of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, formaldehyde, and other constituents involved in the chemical dynamics of Earth’s atmosphere. The primary mission objective of TEMPO is to improve our understanding of air quality and its impacts. By providing near real-time data and comprehensive atmospheric composition measurements, TEMPO helps advance knowledge of the Earth system and improve air quality forecasting. These data also aid in quantifying how air quality affects vegetation, agriculture, and human health. Contact For inquiries about this service, please contact larc-dl-asdc-tempo@mail.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the  Earthdata Forum.

Summary: The images are false-color “quick looks” generated from the NASA AVIRIS-3 (Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer -3). They are generated from un-atmospherically-corrected, at-sensor radiance data. Specifically: AVIRIS 3 L1B calibrated spectral radiance (units: uW nm-1 cm-2 sr-1). The images have been orthorectified. Given that these images were derived from solely calibrated, at-sensor radiance data, they have not undergone atmospheric correction and do not quantitatively represent surface reflectance. Suggested Usage: Despite the rawer form of this quick-look product, it is still useful for burned area mapping. Sensor: Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer 3rd-Generation (AVIRIS-3) AV320250110t223109 Resolution: 3.70 x 3.70 m pixels Dimensions for AV320250110t223109: X: 6210 Y: 3068 Bands: 3 AV320250110t222449 Resolution: 3.40 x 3.40 m pixels Dimensions for AV320250110t222449: X: 6593 Y: 3465 Bands: 3 The AVIRIS-3 False color RGB wavelengths are 1660nm, 850nm, and 560nm for (R, G, B) respectively. Caveats and Limitations: These results are intended to support rapid emergency response. All information is provisional for use under emergency response guidelines. These data are provided with absolutely no warranty of any kind. Use at your own risk. Credits: Rob Green (JPL), Phil Brodrick (JPL), David Thompson (JPL), John Chapman (JPL), Michael Eastwood (JPL), and Adam Chlus (JPL).

Summary: The images are color infrared “quick looks” generated from the NASA AVIRIS-3 (Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer -3). They are generated from un-atmospherically-corrected, at-sensor radiance data. Specifically: AVIRIS 3 L1B calibrated spectral radiance (units: uW nm-1 cm-2 sr-1). The images have been orthorectified. Given that these images were derived from solely calibrated, at-sensor radiance data, they have not undergone atmospheric correction and do not quantitatively represent surface reflectance. Suggested Usage: Despite the rawer form of this quick-look product, it is still useful for burned area mapping. Sensor: Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer 3rd-Generation (AVIRIS-3) The AVIRIS-3 Color Infrared wavelengths are 2338nm, 1209nm, 1000nm (R, G, B). Caveats and Limitations: These results are intended to support rapid emergency response. All information is provisional for use under emergency response guidelines. These data are provided with absolutely no warranty of any kind. Use at your own risk. Data is dark-subtracted DN. No other calibration steps (e.g., bad pixel replacement, flatfield, radiometric coefficients) have been applied. Values are not in physical units. Orthorectified with a 30 m DEM. Geolocation error is larger over rugged terrain due to the coarse DEM. Credits: Rob Green (JPL), Phil Brodrick (JPL), David Thompson (JPL), John Chapman (JPL), Michael Eastwood (JPL), and Adam Chlus (JPL). Esri REST Endpoint: See URL to the right. WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202607_FIRE_OR/202618_aviris/ImageServer/WMSServer