United States of America environment data
＋ Follow new data141 datasets about environment in United States of America.
Contains data from the National Flood Hazard Layer, a GIS database of flood risks and regulatory flood determination data.
The Composite Risk Index is generated by multiplying the SACS Composite Exposure Index by the SACS Combined Hazard. The USACE South Atlantic Coastal Study’s (SACS) initial study product is the Tier 1 Risk Assessment. The main output of the Tier 1 Risk Assessment is the Composite Risk Index. In the SACS, risk is defined as the probability of a hazard, multiplied against the exposure of a specific element. The Composite Exposure Index is generated following the methodology for the Tier 1 Risk Assessment cited in the USACE North Atlantic Coastal Comprehensive Study (NACCS). The Tier 1 Composite Risk Index is derived from multiplying the SACS Composite Exposure Index by the SACS Combined Hazards Present index. The Composite Risk Index is depicted as a classified grid using the Jenks or Natural Breaks classification. The four classes are Low Potential Risk, Medium Potential Risk, Medium/High Potential Risk, and High Potential Risk. The resolution of the grid is 30 meters. The Composite Exposure Index is created by summing three separate exposure indices which are weighted on a percentage basis: Population and Infrastructure Index 60%, Environmental Cultural and Habitat 30%, and Social Vulnerability 10%. For additional information on the input datasets and methodology for the exposure indices, please reference the NACCS report, Appendix C, page 103: https://www.nad.usace.army.mil/Portals/40/docs/NACCS/NACCS_Appendix_C.pdf. The SACS Combined Hazard Index depicts the percentage annual chance of a specific flood hazard. The three flooding hazards depicted are the 10% annual chance flooding event, the 1% annual chance flooding event, and Category 5 Hurricane Maximum of Maximums. The 10% annual chance flooding is derived via a statistical analysis of tide gauges within the SACS study area, utilizing methodology developed by the USACE Engineering and Research Development Center (https://hdl.handle.net/11681/7353 or https://www.jcronline.org/doi/abs/10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-15-00031.1). The 10% annual chance flooding event raster index grid cells are assigned a value of 0.1. The 1% annual chance flooding are aggregated from FEMA’s National Flood Hazard Layer (https://www.fema.gov/national-flood-hazard-layer-nfhl) and raster index grid cells are assigned a value of 0.01. The Category 5 Maximum of Maximums hazard was pulled from NOAA’s storm surge SLOSH inundation data. These data are assigned a value of 0.001 to reflect the low probability of a Category 5 event. The Composite Risk Index grid resolution is 30 meters. This Tier 1 dataset is available for download here: Tier 1 Risk Assessment Download
Section 305(b) of the Clean Water Act requires states to assess the condition of the Waters of the US. The Kentucky Division of Water, in cooperation with other agencies, collects biological and water quality data to assess the condition of the resource and reports this to Congress every two years in the Integrated Report to Congress. (https://www.water.ky.gov/sw/swmonitor/305b/) These data represent the assessment results for surface waters of the Commonwealth of Kentucky. Box Download: https://ky.box.com/v/energy-environment/file/850632508109
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
This dataset is experimental and should only be used for situational awareness and data corroboration. Derived power loss maps are processed data based off Black Marble BRDF nighttime light observations. This data is available at: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=9f23e55f980044bfa1e8b6c4fb3ab579 Dates of Image: Pre-Event: December 2025 Composite Post-Event: January 26, 2026 Methodology: Only a subset of the raw black marble data was used. Note that while the Disasters team has clipped data to remove false positives, some observations may be obscured by total or partial cloud cover. Other factors such as snow reflectance, moon phase, wildfires, and wildfire smoke may distort light radiance and require further analysis when assessing power outages. Certain areas were filtered out into an “Analyzed areas” map, which shows subsets of counties that were retained after certain data extents were removed: Baseline (December 2025) low radiance ( Cloud cover from the date of interest (in this example, January 26th) is removed from the county geometry. Counties are only included within the bounding box of the Black Marble data that was provided. Once the extent was finalized, the Black Marble Data was modified: Negative out-of-range values were changed to 0. The revised black marble pixels were extracted to the analyzed area geometry: The difference between pre and post-event total light intensity in each county was calculated to measure percent light intensity loss. This is indicated in popups as Light Intensity Loss (percentage). The percentage of analyzed area (with area omitted due to being background in the baseline or cloud-covered in the day of Black Marble) is also available in the attribute table. Lower values may reflect lower confidence in the percent Power Loss depending on where the cloud cover is, especially in circumstances where the primary light source in a given geometry is obfuscated. Suggested Use: NASA's Black Marble Nighttime Light product suite is a state-of-the-art daily global collection of standard products for monitoring nighttime lights (NTL). Utilizing the Visible Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) aboard the Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 satellites. Grey represents cloud cover. Note that these maps are experimental and subject to change and development and should be used only for situational awareness. Satellite/Sensor: Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Platform (SNPP), NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 SNPP: August 2024 composite, September 22-24, 2024, October 1, 2024 NOAA-20: September 25 - September 31, 2024, October 2, 2024 - October 4, 2024 Resolution: 500 meters Credits: NASA Black Marble Science team Disasters Response Coordination System Please cite the following two references when using this data: Román MO, Stokes EC, Shrestha R, Wang Z, Schultz L, Carlo EA, Sun Q, Bell J, Molthan A, Kalb V, Ji C. Satellite-based assessment of electricity restoration efforts in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. PloS one. 2019 Jun 28;14(6):e0218883. Román MO, Wang Z, Sun Q, Kalb V, Miller SD, Molthan A, Schultz L, Bell J, Stokes EC, Pandey B, Seto KC. NASA's Black Marble nighttime lights product suite. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2018 Jun 1;210:113-43. Point of Contact: Ranjay Shrestha NASA Goddard Space Flight Center E-mail: ranjay.m.shrestha@nasa.gov Additional Links: NASA’s Black Marble Product Suite Román, M.O. et al. (2019) Satellite-based assessment of electricity restoration efforts in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. PLoS One, 14 (6). Román, M.O. et al. (2018) NASA’s Black Marble nighttime lights product suite. Remote Sensing of Environment. 210, 113–143. Esri REST Endpoint: See individual layers below for source data.
An area of the floodplain that must be kept clear of any obstruction (fill dirt, buildings, etc) as to not impede the flow of water. Development in this area is very restrictive, and usually requires a detailed engineering analysis (and FEMA approval) prior to beginning development. The location and width of the FEMA Floodway Area is established by engineering models that determine the area needed to convey the FEMA Base Flood Discharge without increasing the water surface elevation more than 0.5 foot.
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
NOTE: this is exercise data and not representative of real events. The original data is from wildfires in New Mexico in June 2025. Dates of Images: Post-Event: May 23, 2026; May 22, 2026 Pre-Event: May 20, 2025 Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: These pre-fire and post-fire images pair were analyzed for normalized burn ratio (NBR). The input images were generated from the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) dataset at 30m resolution. NBR is defined mathematically as (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR) where NIR is near-infrared and SWIR is short-wave infrared. dNBR is computed by the difference between the pre-fire NBR and the post-fire NBR. More information on dNBR can be found here: https://un-spider.org/advisory-support/recommended-practices/recommended-practice-burn-severity/in-detail/normalized-burn-ratio. dNBR data may be computed while the fire is in progress. This is intentionally done to prioritize rapid data availability for proactive disaster response but means data can change over the course of the fire. Check fire containment and image dates for further context on image timing. Suggested Use: NBR is commonly used as a proxy to indicate areas which have charred vegetation. Darker areas (more negative values) in the NBR image more strongly represent the presence of burned vegetation. Since the dNBR considers the condition of the scene before the fire occurred, the resulting value has been used as a proxy for burn severity. Higher dNBR values represent a proxy for greater burn severity. Negative dNBR values may represent a re-greening of or growth of vegetation in between pre and post imagery. The use of this dNBR product as a quantitative metric of burn severity at the time of posting this dataset should be strongly caveated. This is due to several dNBR limitations: The spectral band selections used for dNBR calculations, and the implication of changes observed following fire in those wavelengths, primarily pertain to how vegetation spectral signatures change in NIR and SWIR wavelengths following charring. Because of this, dNBR may not accurately describe burned surfaces that are not vegetation (e.g. human built infrastructure). This dataset has not been validated by independent burn severity assessments. The degree to which dNBR is accurately determined depends on careful selection of pre and post event imagery. An effort was made to use the highest quality imagery (i.e. cloud free) with representative conditions for each scene; however, it is unknown at the time of this posting how selection of different pre/post image pairs could affect the derived dNBR values. Satellite/Sensor: Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 data: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/projects/hls Resolution: 30 meters Credits: NASA LP DAAC: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/projects/hls Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=42dc8b50e387435ea4dc80a13c4ca9ca WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/EX2605_202605_FIRE_CA/ex2605_hls_dnbr/MapServer/WMSServer
Date of Image(s): September 12, 2018-September 19, 2018 Date of Next Image: Typically, there are two daytime images expected each day around 1:00pm EST. Summary: Floodwater derived from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument onboard NASA and NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. VIIRS floodwater product was produced by NASA SatCORPS Ground Station Observation Network (GSON) low latency system.. The image shows where floodwater was detected from the VIIRS observation. Suggested Usage: The floodwater fraction percentage (1-100%) that contains water Satellite/Sensor/Resolution: 375m spatial resolution VIIRS instrument onboard SNPP Satellite Generated using CSPP v4.1 Credits: Image Credit: NASA Langley SatCORPS Louis Nguyen of NASA Langley SatCORPS: https://satcorps.larc.nasa.gov/new/ NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS Data: https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-jpss/ Additional information on VIIRS Flooding products: https://disasters-geoplatform.hub.arcgis.com/pages/viirs-floodwater-fraction-map/
FEMA provides access to the National Flood Hazard Layer through a Web Map Service. The National Flood Hazard Layer is a computer database that contains FEMA's flood hazard map data. The data depict flood hazard information and supporting data used to develop the information. The primary hazard classifications are the 1 percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2 percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood hazard. Flood hazard and supporting data are developed using specifications for horizontal control consistent with 1:12,000-scale mapping. If you plan to display maps from the National Flood Hazard Layer with other map data for official purposes, ensure that the other information meets FEMA's standards for map accuracy. The NFHL data are from FEMA's Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) databases. New data are added continually. The NFHL also contains changes to DFIRM data made by Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs). The service provides map images geo-referenced to the earth's surface using the North American Datum of 1983, Geodetic Reference System 80 coordinate system. The service also provides information that complements the National Flood Hazard Layer. In areas for which data are not available from the National Flood Hazard Layer, an older set of flood hazard data, named the "Q3" data, may be available. The service also provides information about the availability of flood data and maps, the national map panel scheme, river subbasins, and point locations for Letters of Map Amendment (LOMA) and Letters of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-Fs). These complementary data are positioned less accurately than are the National Flood Hazard Layer data. The service organizes the data in layers. The layers display information at map scales appropriate for the data. Status information and river subbasins are displayed at map scales smaller than 1:300,000, regional overviews at map scales between 1:300,000 and 1:32,000, and detailed flood hazard maps at map scales of 1:32,000 and larger. The "Scalehint" item in the Capabilities file for the Web Map Service encodes the scale range for maps for a layer. Flood hazard areas identified on the Flood Insurance Rate Map are identified as a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). SFHA are defined as the area that will be inundated by the flood event having a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The 1-percent annual chance flood is also referred to as the base flood or 100-year flood. SFHAs are labeled as Zone A, Zone AO, Zone AH, Zones A1-A30, Zone AE, Zone A99, Zone AR, Zone AR/AE, Zone AR/AO, Zone AR/A1-A30, Zone AR/A, Zone V, Zone VE, and Zones V1-V30. Moderate flood hazard areas, labeled Zone B or Zone X (shaded) are also shown on the FIRM, and are the areas between the limits of the base flood and the 0.2-percent-annual-chance (or 500-year) flood. The areas of minimal flood hazard, which are the areas outside the SFHA and higher than the elevation of the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood, are labeled Zone C or Zone X (unshaded). Flood Zone Definitions from the FEMA Flood Map Service Center. Data Download: https://www.floodmaps.fema.gov/NFHL/status.shtml
Flood hazard areas and hardcopy map panels for the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) published by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) within Stark County, Ohio. These flood hazard areas are part of the National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL). Flood hazard areas in this layer were merged into single records for each class to improve web map performance and symbolization. Flood hazard areas are sometimes referred to as flood hazard zones or flood plains. They depict the floodway (areas that are frequently flood), as well as the 100 and 500-year flood plains. Each panel record corresponds to an individual hardcopy map. These panels serve as an index to obtain flood hazard information for a specific location. The FIRM is the basis for floodplain management, mitigation, and insurance activities for the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Insurance applications include enforcement of the mandatory purchase requirement of the Flood Disaster Protection Act, which requires the purchase of flood insurance by the owners of properties within areas identified as having flood hazards. This layer was downloaded from https://msc.fema.gov/portal/advanceSearch in September, 2021. It was last updated and published on September14, 2018.
Data from Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRMs) where available digitally. New NFHL FIRMette Print app available: http://tinyurl.com/j4xwp5e
FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) Sumter SC Flood Zone for the jurisdictions within the County of Sumter, South Carolina.
Date of Images: September 19, 2018; August 9, 2018 Summary: Scientists at NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center created these water extents using Landsat imagery. These images can be used to see where open water is visible at the time of the satellite overpass. This product shows all water detected and differentiates between normal water areas and some flooded areas. This product was classified using the ESA Worldview. It's important to note that all flooded areas may not be captured do to the sensors limitations of not being able to "see" through vegetation and buildings. To determine where additional flooding may have occurred, combine this layer with other data sets. Suggested Use: This product shows water that is detected by the sensor with different colors indicating different land cover/land use classifications from CDL that appear to have water and are potentially flooded. Blue (1): Known Water Red (2): Flooded Developed Green (3): Flooded Vegetation Orange (4): Flooded Cropland/Grassland Gray (5): Clouds/Cloud Shadow (0): No Data Satellite/Sensor: Copernicus Sentinel-2 Resolution: 10 meters Credits: NASA/MSFC, USGS, ESA Copernicus Esri REST Endpoint: See URL section on the right side of page. WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_EX2602_202405_FLOOD_BRAZIL/ex2602_sentinel2_WaterExtent/MapServer/WMSServer
The National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) is a compilation of GIS data that comprises a nationwide digital Flood Insurance Rate Map. The GIS data and services are designed to provide the user with the ability to determine the flood zone, base flood elevation, and floodway status for a particular location. It also has information about the NFIP communities, map panels, cross sections, hydraulic structures, Coastal Barrier Resource System, and base maps such as road, stream, and public land survey data. Through flood studies, FEMA produces Flood Insurance Study Reports, FIRM Panels, and FIRM Databases. FIRM Databases that become effective are incorporated into the NFHL. Updates to the NFHL are issued through Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs) and Letters of Map Amendment (LOMAs). Continuously updated, the NFHL serves as a Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map representing the current effective flood data for those communities where maps have been digitized. NFHL data can be viewed with widely available GIS software, including freely available programs that work with GIS shapefiles. For more information on the NFHL, see the online resources referenced herein. ___Using base maps:___ The minimum horizontal positional accuracy for base map hydrographic and transportation features used with the NFHL is the NSSDA radial accuracy of 38 feet. ___Letter of Map Amendment (LOMA) point locations___ are approximate. The location of the LOMA is referenced in the legal description of the letter itself. LOMA points can be viewed in the NFHL Interactive Map on the FEMA GeoPlatform.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) National Flood Hazard Layer (effective data only). Refer to GIS Web Services for the FEMA National Flood Hazard Layer (NFHL) for map service information. Data is updated as needed.
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Dates of Images: Post-Event: 7/2/2026, 7/12/2026, 7/18/2026 Pre-Event: 6/10/2026. 6/12/2026 Date of Next Image: Unknown The True Color RGB composite provides a product of how the surface would look to the naked eye from space. The RGB is created using the red, green, and blue channels of the respective instrument. The Color Infrared composite is created using the near-infrared, red, and green channels. The near-infrared gives the ability to see through thin clouds. Healthy vegetation is shown as red, water is in blue. These pre-fire and post-fire images pair were analyzed for normalized burn ratio (NBR). The input images were generated from the Sentinel2- dataset at 10m resolution. NBR is defined mathematically as (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR) where NIR is near-infrared and SWIR is short-wave infrared. dNBR is computed by the difference between the pre-fire NBR and the post-fire NBR. More information on dNBR can be found here: https://un-spider.org/advisory-support/recommended-practices/recommended-practice-burn-severity/in-detail/normalized-burn-ratio. Suggested Use: The True Color RGB provides a product of how the surface would look to the naked eye from space. The True Color RGB is produced using the 3 visible wavelength bands (red, green, and blue) from the respective sensor. Some minor atmospheric corrections have occurred. A Color Infrared composite depicts healthy vegetation as red, water as blue. Some minor atmospheric corrections have occurred. NBR is commonly used as a proxy to indicate areas which have charred vegetation. Darker areas (more negative values) in the NBR image more strongly represent the presence of burned vegetation. Since the dNBR considers the condition of the scene before the fire occurred, the resulting value has been used as a proxy for burn severity. Higher dNBR values represent a proxy for greater burn severity. Negative dNBR values may represent a re-greening of or growth of vegetation in between pre and post imagery. Satellite/Sensor: Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager (OLI-2) Resolution: 30 meters Esri REST Endpoint: See Layers below. WMS Endpoint:
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
Rasters/SoilLoss_AvoidedDueToNaturalVeg
Date of Image(s): September 12, 2018-September 19, 2018 Date of Next Image: Typically, there are two daytime images expected each day around 1:00pm EST. Summary: Floodwater derived from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument onboard NASA and NOAA Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. VIIRS floodwater product was produced by NASA SatCORPS Ground Station Observation Network (GSON) low latency system.. The image shows where floodwater was detected from the VIIRS observation. Suggested Usage: The floodwater fraction percentage (1-100%) that contains water Satellite/Sensor/Resolution: 375m spatial resolution VIIRS instrument onboard SNPP Satellite Generated using CSPP v4.1 Credits: Image Credit: NASA Langley SatCORPS Louis Nguyen of NASA Langley SatCORPS: https://satcorps.larc.nasa.gov/new/ NOAA Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) VIIRS Data: https://registry.opendata.aws/noaa-jpss/ Additional information on VIIRS Flooding products: https://disasters-geoplatform.hub.arcgis.com/pages/viirs-floodwater-fraction-map/
Dates of Images: 20240506T1329, 20240515T1323 (GMT) (YYYYMMDDTHHMM) Summary: The Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) and Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) teams at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology produced maximum vegetation anomaly loss mapping products for hillslopes, with the intent to facilitate detection of landslides, using the OPERA Surface Disturbance Alert from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (DIST-ALERT-HLS) dataset. These products provide a rapid assessment of surface water extent to support emergency response and situational awareness during flood events. The dataset provided includes two product types: Vegetation Disturbance Status maps on individual dates Maximum Vegetation Anomaly loss maps on individual dates Dates and Input Data: Images: May 6, 2024 and May 15, 2024 Products are generated from OPERA DIST-ALERT-HLS satellite imagery and mosaicked across tiles to provide continuous coverage. Product Description:Surface Disturbance, specifically vegetation loss, is identified from optical satellite imagery and mapped at 30 m spatial resolution. The Vegetation Disturbance Status layer indicates the confidence that vegetation loss has occurred, and whether the disturbance is still ongoing or has ended. The Max Vegetation Anomaly loss shows how much vegetation has been lost at each location, based on the largest change observed during the time period. As the number of post-event images increase, the confidence in the detections increases. Note we applied a temporal filter and a slope mask to these products. The temporal filter was used to remove any surface disturbance that occurred prior to the onset of the flooding/rain. The slope mask was used to remove slopes Caveats and Limitations:This product detects vegetation loss, not landslides directly. A slope threshold filter of >8 degrees was applied to exclude gentle terrain where landslides are less likely to occur. Importantly, not all detected changes are landslides—vegetation loss can also result from other causes. These results are intended to support rapid emergency response. All information is provisional for use under emergency response guidelines. These data are provided with absolutely no warranty of any kind. Use at your own risk. Suggested Use: The OPERA DIST-ALERT-HLS maps per pixel vegetation disturbance (specifically, vegetation cover loss) from the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) scenes. We provide the (1) maximum vegetation anomaly value (VEG-ANOM-MAX) layer and (2) vegetation disturbance status (VEG-DIST-STATUS). All provided layers have been filtered to include only disturbance detected following the start of flooding/rain. VEG-ANOM-MAX: Difference between historical and current year observed vegetation cover at the date of maximum decrease (vegetation loss of 0-100%). This layer can be used to threshold vegetation disturbance per a given sensitivity (e.g. disturbance of >=20% vegetation cover loss). The sum of the historical percent vegetation and the anomaly value will be the vegetation cover estimate for the current year. VEG-ANOM-MAX Layer Values: File names: ARIA-OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS_V1_VEG-ANOM-MAX_20240515T1323_mosaic_SlopeMask_TimeFilt.tif, ARIA-OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS_V1_VEG-ANOM-MAX_20240506T1329_mosaic_SlopeMask_TimeFilt.tif 0-100: Maximum loss of percent vegetation (suggested color: white to red gradient) 255: No data (suggested color: transparent) VEG-DIST-STATUS: Indication of vegetation cover loss (vegetation disturbance). The status label is based on the maximum anomaly value, confidence level, and whether it is ongoing or finished. ''First'' means the pixel has had an anomaly detection but no subsequent observations whether anomalous or not. ''Provisional'' means there have been two consecutive disturbance detections but not yet with high confidence. ''Confirmed'' means that vegetation disturbance is detected with high confidence. The label ''finished'' is applied to confirmed disturbances that have had two consecutive no-anomaly observations or one 15 days or more after the last anomaly detection. If a new disturbance is detected, it will overwrite those in a ''finished'' state. These labels are reported for both above and below the 50% disturbance threshold based on the maximum anomaly value. VEG-DIST-STATUS Layer Values: File names: ARIA-OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS_V1_VEG-DIST-STATUS_20240506T1329_mosaic_SlopeMask_TimeFilt.tif, ARIA-OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS_V1_VEG-DIST-STATUS_20240515T1323_mosaic_SlopeMask_TimeFilt.tif 0: No disturbance (suggested color: #121212) 1: first 2: provisional 3: confirmed 4: first >=50% (suggested color: #008888) 5: provisional >=50% (suggested color: #e48727) 6: confirmed >=50% (suggested color: #e01b07) 7: confirmed 8: confirmed >=50%, finished (suggested color: #dddddd) 255: No data (suggested color: transparent) Satellite/Sensor/Resolution: Satellite/Sensor: Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) derived from MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) on European Space Agency's (ESA) Copernicus Sentinel-2A/2B/2C satellites and Operational Land Imager 2 (OLI-2) on NASA/USGS Landsat 8/9 satellites. Spatial Resolution: 30 meters Temporal Resolution: Sub-weekly Credits: The product contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data, processed by the European Space Agency and analyzed by the NASA-JPL/Caltech ARIA/OPERA team. The DIST products are produced as part of the OPERA project, which is funded by NASA to address remote sensing needs identified by the Satellite Needs Working Group, and managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The DIST-ALERT-HLS product was developed and produced by the OPERA Global Land Analysis and Discovery (GLAD) laboratory at the University of Maryland. NASA JPL-Caltech-UMD ARIA/OPERA Team Product POCs: Cole Speed (cole.speed@jpl.nasa.gov) Mary Grace Bato (bato@jpl.nasa.gov) Emre Havazli (emre.havazli@jpl.nasa.gov) Renato Frasson (renato.prata.de.moraes.frasson@jpl.nasa.gov) Alexander Handwerger (alexander.handwerger@jpl.nasa.gov ) Esri REST Endpoint: See URL to the bottom right. WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_EX2602_202405_FLOOD_BRAZIL/EX2602_opera_dist_hls/MapServer/WMSServer
FEMA provides access to the National Flood Hazard Layer through a Web Map Service. The National Flood Hazard Layer is a computer database that contains FEMA's flood hazard map data. The data depict flood hazard information and supporting data used to develop the information. The primary hazard classifications are the 1 percent-annual-chance flood event, the 0.2 percent-annual-chance flood event, and areas of minimal flood hazard. Flood hazard and supporting data are developed using specifications for horizontal control consistent with 1:12,000-scale mapping. If you plan to display maps from the National Flood Hazard Layer with other map data for official purposes, ensure that the other information meets FEMA's standards for map accuracy. The NFHL data are from FEMA's Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) databases. New data are added continually. The NFHL also contains changes to DFIRM data made by Letters of Map Revision (LOMRs). The service provides map images geo-referenced to the earth's surface using the North American Datum of 1983, Geodetic Reference System 80 coordinate system. The service also provides information that complements the National Flood Hazard Layer. In areas for which data are not available from the National Flood Hazard Layer, an older set of flood hazard data, named the "Q3" data, may be available. The service also provides information about the availability of flood data and maps, the national map panel scheme, river subbasins, and point locations for Letters of Map Amendment (LOMA) and Letters of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-Fs). These complementary data are positioned less accurately than are the National Flood Hazard Layer data. The service organizes the data in layers. The layers display information at map scales appropriate for the data. Status information and river subbasins are displayed at map scales smaller than 1:300,000, regional overviews at map scales between 1:300,000 and 1:32,000, and detailed flood hazard maps at map scales of 1:32,000 and larger. The "Scalehint" item in the Capabilities file for the Web Map Service encodes the scale range for maps for a layer. Flood hazard areas identified on the Flood Insurance Rate Map are identified as a Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). SFHA are defined as the area that will be inundated by the flood event having a 1-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any given year. The 1-percent annual chance flood is also referred to as the base flood or 100-year flood. SFHAs are labeled as Zone A, Zone AO, Zone AH, Zones A1-A30, Zone AE, Zone A99, Zone AR, Zone AR/AE, Zone AR/AO, Zone AR/A1-A30, Zone AR/A, Zone V, Zone VE, and Zones V1-V30. Moderate flood hazard areas, labeled Zone B or Zone X (shaded) are also shown on the FIRM, and are the areas between the limits of the base flood and the 0.2-percent-annual-chance (or 500-year) flood. The areas of minimal flood hazard, which are the areas outside the SFHA and higher than the elevation of the 0.2-percent-annual-chance flood, are labeled Zone C or Zone X (unshaded). Flood Zone Definitions from the FEMA Flood Map Service Center. Data Download: https://www.floodmaps.fema.gov/NFHL/status.shtml
This dataset is experimental and should only be used for situational awareness and data corroboration. Derived power loss maps are processed data based off Black Marble BRDF nighttime light observations. This data is available at: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=961f83b5aef64f75bc4caa9c4610f4ed Dates of Image: Pre-Event: September 2025 Post-Event: October 9-October 23, 2025 Methodology: Only a subset of the raw black marble data was used. Note that while the Disasters team has clipped data to remove false positives, some observations may be obscured by total or partial cloud cover. Other factors such as snow reflectance, moon phase, wildfires, and wildfire smoke may distort light radiance and require further analysis when assessing power outages. Certain areas were filtered out into an “Analyzed areas” map, which shows subsets of counties that were retained after certain data extents were removed: Baseline (August 2024) data with low radiance ( Cloud cover from the date of interest (in this example, September 29th) is removed from the county geometry. Counties are only included within the bounding box of the Black Marble data that was provided. Once the extent was finalized, the Black Marble Data was modified: Negative out-of-range values were changed to 0. The revised black marble pixels were extracted to the analyzed area geometry: The difference between pre and post-event total light intensity in each county was calculated to measure percent light intensity loss. This is indicated in popups as Light Intensity Loss (percentage). The percentage of analyzed area (with area omitted due to being background in the baseline or cloud-covered in the day of Black Marble) is also available in the attribute table. Lower values may reflect lower confidence in the percent Power Loss depending on where the cloud cover is, especially in circumstances where the primary light source in a given geometry is obfuscated. Suggested Use: NASA's Black Marble Nighttime Light product suite is a state-of-the-art daily global collection of standard products for monitoring nighttime lights (NTL). Utilizing the Visible Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) aboard the Suomi-NPP, NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 satellites. Grey represents cloud cover. Note that these maps are experimental and subject to change and development and should be used only for situational awareness. Satellite/Sensor: Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Day/Night Band (DNB) onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Platform (SNPP), NOAA-20, and NOAA-21 SNPP: August 2024 composite, September 22-24, 2024, October 1, 2024 NOAA-20: September 25 - September 31, 2024, October 2, 2024 - October 4, 2024 Resolution: 500 meters Credits: NASA Black Marble Science team Disasters Response Coordination System Please cite the following two references when using this data: Román MO, Stokes EC, Shrestha R, Wang Z, Schultz L, Carlo EA, Sun Q, Bell J, Molthan A, Kalb V, Ji C. Satellite-based assessment of electricity restoration efforts in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. PloS one. 2019 Jun 28;14(6):e0218883. Román MO, Wang Z, Sun Q, Kalb V, Miller SD, Molthan A, Schultz L, Bell J, Stokes EC, Pandey B, Seto KC. NASA's Black Marble nighttime lights product suite. Remote Sensing of Environment. 2018 Jun 1;210:113-43. Point of Contact: Ranjay Shrestha NASA Goddard Space Flight Center E-mail: ranjay.m.shrestha@nasa.gov Additional Links: NASA’s Black Marble Product Suite Román, M.O. et al. (2019) Satellite-based assessment of electricity restoration efforts in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria. PLoS One, 14 (6). Román, M.O. et al. (2018) NASA’s Black Marble nighttime lights product suite. Remote Sensing of Environment. 210, 113–143. Esri REST Endpoint: See individual layers below for source data.
NOTE: this is exercise data and not representative of real events. The original data is from wildfires in New Mexico in June 2025. Dates of Images: Post-Event: May 23, 2026; May 22, 2026 Pre-Event: May 20, 2025 Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: These pre-fire and post-fire images pair were analyzed for normalized burn ratio (NBR). The input images were generated from the Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) dataset at 30m resolution. NBR is defined mathematically as (NIR – SWIR)/(NIR + SWIR) where NIR is near-infrared and SWIR is short-wave infrared. dNBR is computed by the difference between the pre-fire NBR and the post-fire NBR. More information on dNBR can be found here: https://un-spider.org/advisory-support/recommended-practices/recommended-practice-burn-severity/in-detail/normalized-burn-ratio. dNBR data may be computed while the fire is in progress. This is intentionally done to prioritize rapid data availability for proactive disaster response but means data can change over the course of the fire. Check fire containment and image dates for further context on image timing. Suggested Use: NBR is commonly used as a proxy to indicate areas which have charred vegetation. Darker areas (more negative values) in the NBR image more strongly represent the presence of burned vegetation. Since the dNBR considers the condition of the scene before the fire occurred, the resulting value has been used as a proxy for burn severity. Higher dNBR values represent a proxy for greater burn severity. Negative dNBR values may represent a re-greening of or growth of vegetation in between pre and post imagery. The use of this dNBR product as a quantitative metric of burn severity at the time of posting this dataset should be strongly caveated. This is due to several dNBR limitations: The spectral band selections used for dNBR calculations, and the implication of changes observed following fire in those wavelengths, primarily pertain to how vegetation spectral signatures change in NIR and SWIR wavelengths following charring. Because of this, dNBR may not accurately describe burned surfaces that are not vegetation (e.g. human built infrastructure). This dataset has not been validated by independent burn severity assessments. The degree to which dNBR is accurately determined depends on careful selection of pre and post event imagery. An effort was made to use the highest quality imagery (i.e. cloud free) with representative conditions for each scene; however, it is unknown at the time of this posting how selection of different pre/post image pairs could affect the derived dNBR values. Satellite/Sensor: Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 data: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/projects/hls Resolution: 30 meters Credits: NASA LP DAAC: https://www.earthdata.nasa.gov/data/projects/hls Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=42dc8b50e387435ea4dc80a13c4ca9ca WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202506_FIRE_NM/2506_hls_dnbr/ImageServer/WMSServer
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service depict ecosystem services at the census block group level for all EnviroAtlas communities. These layers illustrate the ecosystems and natural resources that are associated with clean air, clean and plentiful water, natural hazard mitigation, climate stabilization, recreation, culture, and aesthetics, and biodiversity conservation, and factors that place stress on those resources. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).
NOTE: the Disasters Program is aware that at some extents and dates the symbology does not properly load. This issue usually resolves when zooming/panning around for some reason. A fix is forthcoming. Update Frequency: Daily Summary: Land Information System (LIS) 0-100 cm layer Soil Moisture Percentile generated by the NASA SPoRT Center over a Contiguous United States domain. The NASA Land Information System (LIS) is a high-performance land surface modeling and data assimilation system used to characterize land surface states and fluxes by integrating satellite-derived datasets, ground-based observations, and model re-analyses. The NASA SPoRT Center at MSFC developed a real-time configuration of the LIS (“SPoRT-LIS”), which is designed for use in experimental operations by domestic and international users. SPoRT-LIS is an observations-driven, historical and real-time modeling setup that runs the Noah land surface model over a full CONUS domain. It provides soil moisture estimates at approximately 3-km horizontal grid spacing over a 2-meter-deep soil column and has been validated for regional applications and against U.S. Drought Monitor products. SPoRT-LIS consists of a 33-year soil moisture climatology spanning from 1981 to 2013, which is extended to the present time and forced by atmospheric analyses from the operational North American Land Data Assimilation System-Phase 2 through 4 days prior to the current time, and by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction Global Data Assimilation System in combination with hourly Multi-Radar Multi-Sensor precipitation estimates from 4 days ago to the present time. A unique feature of SPoRT-LIS is the incorporation of daily, real-time satellite retrievals of VIIRS Green Vegetation Fraction since 2012, which results in more representative evapotranspiration and ultimately soil moisture estimates than using a fixed seasonal depiction of vegetation in the model. The 33-year soil moisture climatology also provides the database for real-time soil moisture percentiles evaluated for all U.S. counties and at each modeled grid point. The present-day soil moisture analyses are compared to daily historical distributions to determine the soil wet/dry anomalies for the specific day of the year. Soil moisture percentile maps are constructed for the model layers, and these data are frequently referenced by scientists and operational agencies contributing to the weekly U.S. Drought Monitor product. Suggested Use: This product can be used for drought assessment, fire risk assessment, potential for flooding hazards associated with heavy precipitation and high percentiles; contextualizing soil moisture content to historical values. Soil moisture percentiles are shown using a Classified Color Ramp (Multi-Color, 11-classes) that colorize the low percentile categories (≤ 30th) as shown in the U.S. Drought Monitor weekly products, ranging from yellow to dark red. The high percentile categories (≥ 70th) are colorized with increasing blue intensity. Intermediate percentiles in the 30th to 70th range are assigned a nominal gray shade. The 0-100 cm layer combines SPoRT-LIS soil moisture analyses from the top three model layers 0-10 cm, 10-40 cm, and 40-100 cm. The 0-100 cm cumulative layer adjusts more slowly to precipitation episodes or the lack thereof compared to the 0-10 cm and 0-40 cm percentiles. It takes considerably longer time periods for intercepted rainfall and snowmelt to infiltrate from the upper 0-10 cm and 10-40 cm layers into the next model layer at 40-100 cm, or conversely for the deeper soil layer to dry from evapotranspiration processes. Expect anomalies of soil moisture percentiles in the 0-100 cm cumulative layer to respond on the order of weeks to months (or longer, especially during dry periods), depending on the soil classification and soil responsiveness. Data Caveats: The SPoRT-LIS is as good as the input forcing analyses, so occasional soil moisture artifacts may appear in the horizontal maps related to quality-control issues of the input datasets. These can be manifested with unusually low or high percentiles, especially along international borders, coastlines, and isolated dry “bulls-eyes” at rain gauge with quality issues. Data Visualization: The Soil Moisture Percentile is the histogram rank of the current day’s soil moisture value compared to the 33-year climatology for the present day. The percentile places into historical context the soil moisture to determine how unusually wet or dry, or typical the conditions are. Percentile thresholds as established by the drought community are used to categorize soil moisture dry anomalies as follows: Further Reference: NASA SPoRT project page: https://weather.ndc.nasa.gov/sport/ Real-time SPoRT-LIS viewer: https://weather.ndc.nasa.gov/sport/viewer/?dataset=lis_conus Access to real-time rolling archive of digital data and in various formats: https://geo.nsstc.nasa.gov/SPoRT/modeling/lis/conus3km/ Daily animations of experimental 2-week forecasts of SPoRT-LIS soil moisture percentiles: https://geo.nsstc.nasa.gov/SPoRT/modeling/lis/conus3km/forecasts/ NASA Land Information System project page: https://lis.gsfc.nasa.gov/ U.S. Drought Monitor page: https://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/ Esri REST Endpoint: See URL Section on right side of page
Full Metadata This EnviroAtlas web service supports research and online mapping activities related to EnviroAtlas (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas). The layers in this web service are derived from a dataset produced by Forest Trends' Ecosystem Marketplace containing points and polygons depicting the location of market-based programs and projects addressing ecosystem services protection and their enabling conditions in the United States. EnviroAtlas allows the user to interact with a web-based, easy-to-use, mapping application to view and analyze multiple ecosystem services for the conterminous United States as well as detailed metrics for select communities. Additional descriptive information about each attribute in this web service can be found in its associated EnviroAtlas Fact Sheet (https://www.epa.gov/enviroatlas/enviroatlas-fact-sheets).