Simplified AEZ (Global - ~1 km - 33 classes) - GAEZ v4

The Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) presents global and regional forest data by global ecological zone (GEZ). The GEZ spatial dataset used by FAO has developed over the years from covering only the tropical areas (1990) to the globe (2000). Due to the developments in remote sensing and the compiling of many spatial products relating to climate and land cover between 2000 and 2010, an update to the map was commissioned and resulted in the available GEZ 2010 product **Data creation:** 2025-12-31 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [Remi D'Annunzio](mailto:fra@fao.org) **Data lineage:** Data quality information not available **Resource constraints:** copyright **Online resources:** Download Global Ecological Zones for FAO Forest Reporting: 2010 update Download Ecozones 2010 (ESRI Shapefile)

Along with the core information on state and changes in forests, FRA 2000 is reporting on various ecological aspects of forests. Forest resources information will be reported by ecological zone, which will contribute to understanding the implications of forest change on (ecosystem) biological diversity and carbon-cycling processes. The 2000 global ecological zone map has been developed, building upon the FRA 1990 experience for the tropics and extending the coverage to include the temperate and boreal forests. A globally consistent classification has been adopted, based on the Koppen-Trewartha climate system in combination with natural vegetation characteristics. A total of 19 global ecological zones have been defined and mapped, ranging from the evergreen tropical rainforest zone to the boreal tundra woodland zone. A main principle of delineating the global ecological zones involved the aggregation or matching of available regional ecological or potential vegetation maps into the global framework. **Data publication:** 2001-06-01 **Supplemental Information:** FAO's main partners in the development of the EZ map were the UNEP-WCMC, EDC and the have been instrumental in the production of the map by providing their expertise, advice and input data. A key event was the Cambridge expert consultation (July 1999), attended by some 20 regional ecozone experts, where the proposed classification framework was presented and adopted. **Contact points:** **Data lineage:** Data quality information not available **Online resources:** Link to Forest Resource Assessment website eco_zone.axl Global Ecological Zones - shapefile

This experimental land cover dataset at continental scale (Level 2) shows a broad classification aiming at identifying cultivated land and, more specifically, distinguishing between irrigated and rainfed areas. It is published on a yearly basis, while seasonal products are available upon request. The data is provided from January 2009 to 2022. **Data publication:** 2020-01-01 **Supplemental Information:** No data value: 255 Unit : class Scale Factor : 1.0 Map code : L2-LCC-A Class - Caption 0 - n.a 20 - Shrubland 30 - Grassland 41 - Cropland, rainfed 42 - Cropland, irrigated or under water management 43 - Cropland, fallow 50 - Built-up 60 - Bare / sparse vegetation 70 - Permament snow / ice 80 - Water bodies 81 - Temporary water bodies 90 - Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded 111 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen needle-leaved 112 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen broadleaved 114 - Tree cover: closed, deciduous broadleaved 115 - Tree cover: closed, mixed type 116 - Tree cover: closed, unknown type 121 - Tree cover: open, evergreen needle-leaved 122 - Tree cover: open, evergreen broadleaved 123 - Tree cover: open, deciduous needle-leaved 124 - Tree cover: open, deciduous broadleaved 125 - Tree cover: open, mixed type 126 - Tree cover: open, unknown type 200 - Sea water 255 - no data **Citation:** FAO 2018. WaPOR Database Methodology: Level 2. Remote Sensing for Water Productivity Technical Report: Methodology Series. Rome, FAO. 72 pages. Licence: CC-BY-4.0 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [WaPOR](mailto:wapor@fao.org) Resource Contact: [WaPOR](mailto:wapor@fao.org) **Data lineage:** Land Cover Classification makes use of the dekadal reflectance time series and seasonal phenology information from the Crop Calendar. The Level 1 land cover products were derived from the Global Land Service of Copernicus, the Earth Observation programme of the European Commission. This product was generated from MODIS data, using the Copernicus training data and operational workflow, modified to account for differences in spatial resolution and the delivered land cover classes. In addition, irrigated areas are identified by applying a water deficit index that takes into consideration seasonal cumulated values of precipitation and actual evapotranspiration. The classification applied is based on the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) that was developed by FAO. Data component developed through collaboration with the FRAME Consortium. More information can be found at: http://www.fao.org/in-action/remote-sensing-for-water-productivity/en/. Until December 2019 the base input layers (NDVI, albedo, and fAPAR) for the Level 2 (100m) products were derived from the Proba-V satellite. Proba-V was decommissioned in June 2020. From January 2020 onwards the base input layers of NDVI, albedo and fAPAR for level 2 are derived from the Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission. **Class - Caption** 0 - n.a. 20 - Shrubland 30 - Grassland 20 - Shrubland 30 - Grassland 41 - Cropland, rainfed 42 - Cropland, irrigated or under water management 43 - Cropland, fallow 50 - Built-up 60 - Bare / sparse vegetation 70 - Permament snow / ice 80 - Water bodies 81 - Temporary water bodies 90 - Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded 111 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen needle-leaved 112 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen broadleaved 114 - Tree cover: closed, deciduous broadleaved 115 - Tree cover: closed, mixed type 116 - Tree cover: closed, unknown type 121 - Tree cover: open, evergreen needle-leaved 122 - Tree cover: open, evergreen broadleaved 123 - Tree cover: open, deciduous needle-leaved 124 - Tree cover: open, deciduous broadleaved 125 - Tree cover: open, mixed type 126 - Tree cover: open, unknown type 200 - Sea water 255 - no data **Resource constraints:** Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC-BY-4.0) **Online resources:** Download the data from Google Cloud Storage

This land cover dataset at continental scale is based on the Copernicus Global Land cover map. WaPOR data adds, on top of the Copernicus map, the distinction between irrigated and rainfed areas. It is published on a yearly basis. The data is provided from January 2009 to 2021. **Data publication:** 2020-01-01 **Supplemental Information:** No data value: 255 Unit : class Scale Factor : 1.0 Map code : L1-LCC-A **Citation:** FAO 2018. WaPOR Database Methodology: Level 1. Remote Sensing for Water Productivity Technical Report: Methodology Series. Rome, FAO. 72 pages. Licence: CC BY 4.0 IGO **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [WaPOR](mailto:wapor@fao.org) Resource Contact: [WaPOR](mailto:wapor@fao.org) **Data lineage:** Land Cover Classification makes use of the dekadal reflectance time series and seasonal phenology information from the Crop Calendar. The Level 1 land cover products were derived from the Global Land Service of Copernicus, the Earth Observation programme of the European Commission. In addition, irrigated areas are identified by applying a water deficit index that takes into consideration seasonal cumulated values of precipitation and actual evapotranspiration. The classification applied is based on the Land Cover Classification System (LCCS) that was developed by FAO. Data component developed through collaboration with the FRAME Consortium. More information can be found at: http://www.fao.org/in-action/remote-sensing-for-water-productivity/en/ **Class - Caption** 0 - n.a. 20 - Shrubland 30 - Grassland 20 - Shrubland 30 - Grassland 41 - Cropland, rainfed 42 - Cropland, irrigated or under water management 43 - Cropland, fallow 50 - Built-up 60 - Bare / sparse vegetation 70 - Permament snow / ice 80 - Water bodies 81 - Temporary water bodies 90 - Shrub or herbaceous cover, flooded 111 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen needle-leaved 112 - Tree cover: closed, evergreen broadleaved 114 - Tree cover: closed, deciduous broadleaved 115 - Tree cover: closed, mixed type 116 - Tree cover: closed, unknown type 121 - Tree cover: open, evergreen needle-leaved 122 - Tree cover: open, evergreen broadleaved 123 - Tree cover: open, deciduous needle-leaved 124 - Tree cover: open, deciduous broadleaved 125 - Tree cover: open, mixed type 126 - Tree cover: open, unknown type 200 - Sea water 255 - no data **Resource constraints:** Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) **Online resources:** Download the data from Google Cloud Storage

Reference evapotranspiration per dekade with a spatial resolution of 0.1 degree. Unit: mm dekad-1. The dataset contains dekadal values for global land areas, excluding Antarctica, since 1979. The dataset has been prepared according to the FAO Penman - Monteith method as described in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. The input variables are part of the Agrometeorological indicators dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) through the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The Agrometeorological indicators dataset provides daily surface meteorological data for the period from 1979 to present as input for agriculture and agro-ecological studies. This dataset is based on the hourly ECMWF ERA5 data at surface level and is referred to as AgERA5. References: https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.6c68c9bb The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) aims to combine observations of the climate system with the latest science to develop authoritative, quality-assured information about the past, current and future states of the climate in Europe and worldwide. ECMWF operates the Copernicus Climate Change Service on behalf of the European Union and will bring together expertise from across Europe to deliver the service. **Data publication:** 2021-10-30 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [AQUASTAT](mailto:aquastat@fao.org) Resource Contact: [AQUASTAT](mailto:aquastat@fao.org) **Data lineage:** Copernicus Agrometeorological data were aggregated to daily time steps at the local time zone and corrected towards a finer topography at a 0.1° spatial resolution. The correction to the 0.1° grid was realized by applying grid and variable-specific regression equations to the ERA5 dataset interpolated at 0.1° grid. The equations were trained on ECMWF's operational high-resolution atmospheric model (HRES) at a 0.1° resolution. This way the data is tuned to the finer topography, finer land use pattern and finer land-sea delineation of the ECMWF HRES model. **Resource constraints:** License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International • The dataset contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information [1979-to date]; Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains. More information on License at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ **Online resources:** Download the data from Google Cloud Storage Download the data from File-Browser

Reference evapotranspiration per month with a spatial resolution of 0.1 degree. Unit: mm month-1. The dataset contains monthly values for global land areas, excluding Antarctica, since 1979. The dataset has been prepared according to the FAO Penman - Monteith method as described in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 56. The input variables are part of the Agrometeorological indicators dataset produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) through the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S). The Agrometeorological indicators dataset provides daily surface meteorological data for the period from 1979 to present as input for agriculture and agro-ecological studies. This dataset is based on the hourly ECMWF ERA5 data at surface level and is referred to as AgERA5. References: https://doi.org/10.24381/cds.6c68c9bb The Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) aims to combine observations of the climate system with the latest science to develop authoritative, quality-assured information about the past, current and future states of the climate in Europe and worldwide. ECMWF operates the Copernicus Climate Change Service on behalf of the European Union and will bring together expertise from across Europe to deliver the service. **Data publication:** 2021-10-30 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [AQUASTAT](mailto:aquastat@fao.org) Resource Contact: [AQUASTAT](mailto:aquastat@fao.org) **Data lineage:** Copernicus Agrometeorological data were aggregated to daily time steps at the local time zone and corrected towards a finer topography at a 0.1° spatial resolution. The correction to the 0.1° grid was realized by applying grid and variable-specific regression equations to the ERA5 dataset interpolated at 0.1° grid. The equations were trained on ECMWF's operational high-resolution atmospheric model (HRES) at a 0.1° resolution. This way the data is tuned to the finer topography, finer land use pattern and finer land-sea delineation of the ECMWF HRES model. **Resource constraints:** License: Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International • The dataset contains modified Copernicus Climate Change Service information [1979-to date]; Neither the European Commission nor ECMWF is responsible for any use that may be made of the Copernicus information or data it contains. More information on License at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ **Online resources:** Download the data from Google Cloud Storage Download the data from File-Browser