Global agriculture data

This dataset contains peer-reviewed spatial dataset on livestock distribution for applications in development, environment and health. It contains the most up to date version of GLW 3 for the reference year 2010 and the following species: cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes, horses, pigs, chicken and ducks. The individual species datasets are available at global extent and 5 minutes of arc resolution (approx. 10 km at the equator). GLW 3 mainly differs from previous GLW versions in that the input data has been improved, the downscaling algorithm has been updated (Random Forest) and much more detailed metadata has been provided. All datasets are licensed through a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The layers contain the density of animals per pixel, with weight estimated by the Random Forest model. **References** - Global distribution data for cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and ducks in 2010 - Income Disparities and the Global Distribution of Intensively Farmed Chicken and Pigs - Using Random Forest to Improve the Downscaling of Global Livestock Census Data **Data creation:** 2022-04-29 **Supplemental Information:** No data value: -9999 Unit : head/km² Scale Factor : 1.0 Spatial resolution: Approximately 10km (0.08333 degrees) Data type: Float64 Map code : D-DA Spatial extent: World Spatial Reference System (SRS): EPSG:4326 - WGS84 - Geographic Coordinate System (lat/long) **Contact points:** Resource Contact: [Dominik Wisser](mailto:Dominik.Wisser@fao.org) Metadata Contact: [Giuseppina Cinardi](mailto:giuseppina.cinardi@fao.org) **Resource constraints:** This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC-BY-4.0) **Online resources:** Download: Gridded Livestock of the World – 2010 (GLW 3)

Agricultural irrigated land refers to agricultural areas purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding.

The Landsat-Derived Global Irrigated-Cropland Product Level 2 2020 (LGRIP30_L2_IRRI) Version 2 data provides high-resolution, 30 meter (m) cropland data to assist and address food and water security issues of the twenty-first century. As an extension of the Global Food Security-support Analysis Data (GFSAD) project, LGRIP_L2_IRRI V2 maps agricultural lands by dividing them into irrigated single crop, double crop, and continuous croplands, and calculates applicable cropland areas across the globe. LGRIP data are produced using Landsat 8 time-series satellite sensor data for the 2019 through 2021 time period to create a nominal 2020 product. Each LGRIP L2 Irrigated 30 m resolution GeoTIFF file contains a layer that identifies areas of irrigated cropland (cropland that had at least one irrigation during the crop growing period) divided into single, double, and continuous crop classifications, non-irrigated land (rainfed cropland and areas not classified as cropland), and water bodies over a 10° by 10° area, as well as an accuracy assessment of the product. A low-resolution browse image is also included. Currently, LGRIP30 V2 products only contain data for the conterminous United States (CONUS). LGRIP30 V2 data covering the rest of the globe will be added at a later date.

The Crop Water Requirement Tool (CropWat-online) is a tool to explore spatial weather data and use that data to run a crop-water-requirement model called CROPWAT. It gives information on meteorology, reference-evapotranspiration, soil-saturation and crop-water-requirements under different climatic conditions, different soil types and different crop related variables, such as the sowing and the harvesting date. The model uses input data from either CRU CL 2.0 or agERA5, which is a higher resolution version of ECMWF’s ERA5 reanalysis dataset, adapted for agricultural purposes and available between 1979 and today. **The Crop Water Requirement Tool is available at https://aquastat.fao.org/climate-information-tool/** !Image

Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).

Data from censuses of agriculture are collected at the holding level and provide information about the structure of agriculture of a country or a territory (e.g. size and number of holdings, land tenure, legal status, and sex of the holder). However, countries may apply their own definitions of agricultural holdings, which could affect the international comparability of census data. National censuses are conducted at least once every ten years. The "Structural data from agricultural censuses" domain in FAOSTAT provides structural data from the WCA rounds (WCA 1930, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020) for each participating country and territory, to the extent possible. The data are prepared based on the national census reports and other dissemination products available in the public domain or directly provided by member countries to FAO, also disseminated by FAO through its census-related publications, and recent methodological review of the available country census data of the WCA 2020 round.

The FAOSTAT Employment indicators domain focuses on indicators related to employment in agrifood systems and rural areas. The update is performed yearly, using data from the International Labour Organization (ILO) database that contains a rich set of indicators from a wide range of topics related to labour statistics. The indicators published in FAOSTAT are derived from the labour force statistics (LFS) and rural and urban labour markets (RURURB) databases of the ILOSTAT database. In addition, the ILO modelled estimates and projections (ILOEST) are used to provide information on employment in agriculture. FAOSTAT also publishes indicators on employment in agrifood systems (AFS) from 2000 at the national, regional, and global levels, using a methodology developed by the FAO to estimate the number of people employed within these systems.

Table of discontinued FAOSTAT machinery data, with rows giving area code, area, item, element, year, unit and value. Published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Table of discontinued FAOSTAT indicators from household surveys covering gender, area and socioeconomics, with rows giving area code, area, item, element, year, unit and value. Published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.

Land under cereal production refers to harvested area, although some countries report only sown or cultivated area. Cereals include wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded.

The SoilFER CropSuit App is a web-based decision-support tool designed to enhance agricultural planning through geospatial data integration, crop modeling, and suitability assessments. It processes global data hosted on the SoilFER Geospatial Platform, leveraging the Agro-Ecological Zones (AEZ) modelling framework to provide science-based recommendations on crop selection and land management. The SoilFER CropSuit App provides open-access geographic information on the suitability of opportunity crops identified by the Vision for Adapted Crops and Soils (VACS) for specific soil groups. The App enables users to select the most suitable crops under specific soil types and land management conditions. This creates a solid foundation for sustainable agricultural planning and implementation. The App is structured in different steps, each corresponding to a specific selection and interaction by the user: * Selection of the location * Selection of the soil type * Selection of the crop * Selection of the water supply system and level of input management More information can be found in the user's guide. **The SoilFER CropSuit App is available at https://data.apps.fao.org/soilfer/cropsuit**

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions intensities contains analytical data on the intensity of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by agricultural commodity. This indicator is defined as greenhouse gas emissions per kg of product. Data are available for a set of agricultural commodities (e.g. rice and other cereals, meat, milk, eggs), by country, with global coverage.

The FAOSTAT domain on Land Cover data under the Agri-Environmental Indicators section contains land cover information organized by the land cover classes of the international standard system for Environmental and Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF). The land cover information is compiled from publicly available Global Land Cover (GLC) maps: a) MODIS land cover types based on the Land Cover Classification System, LCCS; b) The European Spatial Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) annual land cover maps produced by the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Geomatics and now under the European Copernicus Program; c) The annual land cover maps which were produced under the European Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) (CGLS land cover, containing discrete land cover categorization), with spatial resolution 100m; and d) the WorldCover maps of the European Space Agency, produced at 10m resolution.

The WorldCereal project produced the first seasonally updated temporary crops, crop type, and irrigation maps at 10-meter spatial resolution and at global scale. Currently, our product collection contains data for 2021, but more products will be added by the end of 2026. Seasonally actively irrigated cropland is defined by the WorldCereal system as a piece of land that is extensively irrigated during a specific growing season where, without irrigation applied at regular intervals, crop growth would be significantly reduced or impossible. Incidental irrigation, such as irrigation that has been applied only during the sowing period of a crop, is not translated to actively irrigated cropland. **Active irrigation - season tc-wintercereals** Product: Active irrigation Season: tc-wintercereals Start of season: 2020-06-17 End of season: 2021-12-29 Find out more on the **WorldCereal Global Maps** ESA website. **Data publication:** 2023-01-01 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: VITO Remote Sensing Resource Contact: VITO Remote Sensing **Resource constraints:** This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC-BY-4.0) **Online resources:** ESA World Cereals website

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions Totals summarizes the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions disseminated in the FAOSTAT Climate Change domains of emissions from agrifood systems. Data are computed following the Tier 1 methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National greenhouse gas (GHG) Inventories (IPCC, 1996; 1997; 2000; 2002; 2006; 2014). Emissions from other economic sectors as defined by the IPCC are also disseminated in the domain for completeness. Methodological details can be found at: https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/GT/GT_en.pdf

Table of discontinued FAOSTAT food aid shipment data from the World Food Programme, with rows giving area code, area, item, element, year, unit and value. Published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Permanent cropland is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines, but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber.

The FAOSTAT domain Bioenergy contains data on bioenergy use and bioenergy production, covering the following items: i) animal waste, ii) bagasse, iii) bio jet kerosene, iv) biodiesel, v) biogases, vi) biogasoline, vii) black liquor, viii) charcoal, ix) fuelwood, x) other liquid biofuels, xi) other vegetal material and residues.

Integrated Food Security Phase Classification from the IPC. See the more detailed technical HDX HAPI documentation, and the original IPC source website.

Employment is defined as persons of working age who were engaged in any activity to produce goods or provide services for pay or profit, whether at work during the reference period or not at work due to temporary absence from a job, or to working-time arrangement. The agriculture sector consists of activities in agriculture, hunting, forestry and fishing, in accordance with division 1 (ISIC 2) or categories A-B (ISIC 3) or category A (ISIC 4).

This dataset contains the most up to date version of GLW 4 for the reference year 2015 for the following species: cattle, sheep, goats, buffaloes, horses, pigs, chicken and ducks. The individual species datasets are available at global extent and 5 minutes of arc resolution (approx. 10 km at the equator). The fourth version of GLW, compared to the previous ones, reflects the most recently compiled and harmonized subnational livestock distribution data and much more detailed metadata. The layers contain the density of animals per pixel, with weight estimated by the Random Forest model. The livestock species modelled include: buffaloes, cattle, chickens, ducks, goats, horses, pigs and sheep. All datasets are licensed through a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. **References** - Global distribution data for cattle, buffaloes, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens and ducks in 2010 - Income Disparities and the Global Distribution of Intensively Farmed Chicken and Pigs - Using Random Forest to Improve the Downscaling of Global Livestock Census Data **Data creation:** 2022-05-06 **Supplemental Information:** Unit: head/km² or birds/km² Data type: Float64 No data value: -9999 Spatial resolution: Approximately 10km (0.08333 degrees) Spatial extent: World Spatial Reference System (SRS): EPSG:4326 - WGS84 - Geographic Coordinate System (lat/long) **Contact points:** Resource Contact: [Dominik Wisser (FAO-NSAL)](mailto:Dominik.Wisser@fao.org) Metadata Contact: [Giuseppina Cinardi (FAO-NSAL)](mailto:giuseppina.cinardi@fao.org) **Resource constraints:** This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence (CC-BY-4.0) **Online resources:** Animal density labels for WMTS Download: Gridded Livestock of the World – 2015 (GLW 4)

The food and agricultural trade dataset is collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD, Eurostat, and other national authorities as needed. The source data is checked for outliers, trade partner data is used for non-reporting countries or missing cells, and data on food aid is added to take total cross-border trade flows into account. The trade database includes the following variables: export quantity, export value, import quantity, and import value. It includes all food and agricultural products imported/exported annually by all the countries in the world.

The food and agricultural trade dataset is collected, processed and disseminated by FAO according to the standard International Merchandise Trade Statistics (IMTS) Methodology. The data is mainly provided by UNSD, Eurostat, and other national authorities as needed. The source data is checked for outliers, trade partner data is used for non-reporting countries or missing cells, and data on food aid is added to take into account total cross-border trade flows. The trade database includes the following variables: export quantity, export value, import quantity, and import value. It includes all food and agricultural products imported/exported annually by all the countries in the world.

As the custodian agency of 22 SDG indicators, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) is responsible for curating and refining the methodologies of these indicators, collecting data from national sources, ensuring their quality and compatibility with applicable standards and classifications, and disseminating data at global level. This FAOSTAT domain complements the global SDG database administered by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), as well as FAO’s SDG indicators portal, by providing access to the available data for all SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship. While this metadata page provides summary information on all SDG indicators data disseminated through FAOSTAT, indicator-specific metadata can be accessed from the link on the right hand navigation column. This additional metadata file provides details on the methodology used to compile each indicators, their data sources and the contact information of the relevant FAO focal point. It includes the links to the official SDG Indicator metadata documents accessible from the UNSD global SDG database.SDG Indicators under FAO custodianship, consisting of 22 indicators and 66 series that fall under six goals: • Goal 2: End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture.• Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.• Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation: Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all.• Goal 12: Responsible consumption and production.• Goal 14: Life below water: Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resources.• Goal 15: Life on land: Sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, halt and reverse land degradation, halt biodiversity loss.

The FAOSTAT Pesticides Trade domain contains data on internationally traded pesticides (values and quantities). Data are sourced from international and national trade statistics, predominantly from UN COMTRADE (from 1990 onwards) or from national country trade tapes (1961-1990). Data for the period 1961-1989 cover only Import and Export values (FAOSTAT element codes 5622 and 5922). Data from 1990 onwards also include Import and Export quantities (codes 5610 and 5910) and include a complete time-series for Pesticides (total). The domain contains information on the trade of pesticides products in either: a) finished forms and/or packaging; or b) separate chemically-defined compounds relevant to the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade.

The FAOSTAT Pesticides Use domain contains statistics on the agricultural use of major pesticide groups and of relevant chemical families. Data are disseminated by country, with global coverage and are updated annually. The FAOSTAT Pesticides Use domain contains information on the use of major pesticide groups:1. Insecticides (Chlorinated hydrocarbons, Organo-phosphates, Carbamates-insecticides, Pyrethroids, Botanical and biological products and Others not elsewhere classified);2. Mineral Oils;3. Herbicides (Phenoxy hormone products, Triazines, Amides, Carbamates-herbicides, Dinitroanilines, Urea derivatives, Sulfonyl urea, Bipiridils, Uracil, Others not elsewhere classified);4. Fungicides and Bactericides (Inorganic, Dithiocarbamates, Benzimidazoles, Triazoles, Diazoles, Diazines, Morpholines, Others not elsewhere classified);5. Plant Growth Regulators;6. Rodenticides (Anti-coagulants, Cyanide Generators, Hypercalcaemics, Narcotics, Others not elsewhere classified);7. Other Pesticides NES (not elsewhere specified).

Important notice: FAOSTAT database on Agriculture Machinery is no longer active. The latest online version of the database has as reference year 2009 (with data collected in year 2011). FAOSTAT database on Agriculture Machinery provides statistical series on Agricultural Machinery and Equipment statistical series referring to the following items: tractors, harvesters and threshers, irrigation pumps, milking machines, hand tools, and soil machines. The database includes estimates of agriculture machinery in use and value of import and export of agriculture machinery.

The Rural Livelihoods Indicators domain brings together harmonized data and information on rural incomes, livelihoods and rural development across countries and over time. As part of the Rural Livelihoods Information System (RuLIS), it supports evidence-based policies to reduce rural poverty and supports SDG Indicators 2.3.1 and 2.3.2, while contributing to SDG Indicator 5.a.1.

The FAOSTAT Land Use domain contains data on twenty-one land use categories and twenty-three categories of irrigation and agricultural practices. Data are available yearly and by country, regional and global levels. The domain includes Land Use Indicators providing information on the percentage share of agricultural and forest land, and their sub-components, including irrigated areas and areas under organic agriculture, within a country land use matrix. Data are available at country, regional and global level, for the following elements: (in percentage) i) Share in Land area; ii) Share in Agricultural land, iii) Share in Cropland; and iv) Share in Forest land; (in ha/pc) v) Area per capita.

The Fertilizers by Nutrient dataset contains information on the totals in nutrients for Production, Trade and Agriculture Use of inorganic (chemical or mineral) fertilizers. The data are provided for the three primary plant nutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (expressed as P2O5) and potassium (expressed as K2O). Both straight and compound fertilizers are included. Methodological details can be found at: https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/RFN/RFN_EN_README.pdf

The FAOSTAT Deflators database provides the following selection of price deflator series by country and at regional level: Gross Domestic Product deflator, Gross Fixed Capital Formation deflator, Manufacturing Value-Added deflator, and Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery Valued-Added deflator. In the FAOSTAT Deflators database, all series are derived from the United Nations Statistics Division (UNSD) National Accounts Analysis of Main Aggregates database (UNSD AMA). In particular, the implicit Gross Domestic Product deflator, the implicit Gross Fixed Capital Formation deflator, the implicit value added deflator of Agriculture, Forestry, Fishery and the implicit value added deflator of Manufacturing are obtained by dividing the series in current prices by those in constant 2015 prices (base year).

This sub-domain contains data on Agriculture Producer Prices and Producer Price Indices collected no later than 1996. These are prices received by farmers for primary crops, live animals weight and livestock primary products as collected at the point of initial sale (prices paid at the farm-gate). Data are provided for over 97 countries and for some 200 commodities.

The Statistics Division of FAO collects annually data on Government Expenditure on Agriculture through a questionnaire, which was developed in partnership with the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The IMF is the responsible institution for the Government Finance Statistics (GFS) methodology and annually collects GFS data, including Expenditure by Functions of Government (COFOG). The Classification of the Functions of Government (COFOG) is an international classification developed by Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and published by the United Nations Statistical Division (UNSD), with the aim of categorise governments' functions according to their purposes. The FAO questionnaire aligns with Table 7 of the IMF GFS questionnaire, replicates the relevant aggregates and drills down to request additional detail related to Agriculture. The FAO dataset consists of a time series, from 2001 onwards, of Total Government Expenditure and expenditure in: Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, along with its three disaggregated subsectors of Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing; and Environmental Protection. In addition, expenditure in each detailed function are further disaggregated into Recurrent and Capital expenditure. Additional indicators include the Agriculture Share of Government Expenditure, and the Agriculture Orientation Index (ratio between the Agriculture Share of Government Expenditure and the Agriculture Value Added as Share of GDP). Data are reported for the highest level of government available (Consolidated general government, consolidated central government or budgetary central government) and are available for about 100 countries on a regular basis.

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from drained organic soils consists of nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated from the mineralization and oxidation of organic matter in organic soils that are drained for agricultural activities.

The FAOSTAT domain Emissions from livestock provides information on emissions generated from four livestock processes, namely 1) enteric fermentation; 2) manure left on pastures; manure management; and manure applied to soils. Estimates are computed following the Tier 1 method of the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National greenhouse gas Inventories (IPCC, 2006).