Soil property datasets produced in Holisoils project

These datasets were prepared within the scope of the Holisoils (Holistic management practices, modelling & monitoring for European Forest Soils) project (EU Horizon 2020 Grant agreement ID: 101000289). The soil property maps were generated at a resolution of 100m, and created with LUCAS and other continental level data using digital soil mapping. Users should assess the local predictive accuracy of the maps prior to using them for making recommendations at local (or field) level. The datasets contain the following soil properties (for top soil (0-30 cm) depth): Soil organic carbon content, pH in water, Total nitrogen, Bulk density (oven dry), Coarse fragments (volumetric), Soil inorganic carbon content, Sand, Silt, Clay, as well as Soil organic carbon stocks, Soil inorganic carbon stocks and Soil nitrogen stocks. The Soil organic carbon content "soc_topsoil_030cm_mean_forest" layer is represented here in the Web Map Service (WMS). For more information and to visualize all layers, please refer to the ISRIC web page at https://maps.isric.org/. Measurement units and web links for the above properties can be found be below. The maps are provided as Web Map Service (WMS) layers which load dynamically in a GIS software. For instructions see: https://www.isric.org/instruction-wms . **Data creation:** 2024-02-29 **Data publication:** 2025-01-01 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [Data infodesk](mailto:data@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Betony Colman](mailto:betony.colman@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Laura Poggio](mailto:laura.poggio@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Luis Calisto](mailto:luis.callisto@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Niels Batjes](mailto:niels.batjes@isric.org) **Data lineage:** Data quality information not available **Resource constraints:** Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ **Online resources:** Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

These datasets were prepared within the scope of the CUP4SOIL (Copernicus user uptake for soil information products) project (Copernicus user update project). The soil property maps were generated at a resolution of 20m, and created with LUCAS and other continental level data using digital soil mapping. Users should assess the local ''predictive'' accuracy of the maps prior to using them for making recommendations at local (or field) level. The datasets contain the following soil properties (for top soil (0-30 cm) depth): Soil organic carbon content, pH in water, Total nitrogen, Bulk density (oven dry), Coarse fragments (volumetric), Soil inorganic carbon content, Sand, Silt, Clay. The SoilSuite products (https://c.geoservice.dlr.de/web/datasets/soilsuite_eur_5y) were used as covariates, together with a range of other copernics products. Measurement units and web links for the above properties can be found be below. The maps are provided as Web Map Service (WMS) layers which load dynamically in a GIS software. For instructions see: https://www.isric.org/instruction-wms . The suffix `_mosaic` refers to the full data (20m spatial resolution). If you need to use the data, please use layers with the `_mosaic` suffux. The suffix `_overviews` refers to spatial overviews for faster visualisation. However datasets with the `_overview` suffix will not load to the full resolution.

These datasets were prepared within the scope of the CUP4SOIL (Copernicus user uptake for soil information products) project (Copernicus user update project). The soil property maps were generated at a resolution of 20m, and created with LUCAS and other continental level data using digital soil mapping. Users should assess the local predictive accuracy of the maps prior to using them for making recommendations at local (or field) level. The datasets contain the following soil properties (for top soil (0-30 cm) depth): Soil organic carbon content, pH in water, Total nitrogen, Bulk density (oven dry), Coarse fragments (volumetric), Soil inorganic carbon content, Sand, Silt, Clay. The SoilSuite products (https://c.geoservice.dlr.de/web/datasets/soilsuite_eur_5y) were used as covariates, together with a range of other copernics products. Measurement units and web links for the above properties can be found here below. The maps are provided as Web Map Service (WMS) layers which load dynamically in a GIS software. The Soil organic carbon content "soc_topsoil_030cm_mean_forest" layer is represented here in the Web Map Service (WMS). For more information and to visualize all layers, please refer to the ISRIC web page at https://maps.isric.org/. The suffix `_mosaic` refers to the full data (20m spatial resolution). If you need to use the data, please use layers with the `_mosaic` suffux. The suffix `_overviews` refers to spatial overviews for faster visualisation. However datasets with the `_overview` suffix will not load to the full resolution. **Data creation:** 2025-04-16 **Data publication:** 2025-04-16 **Contact points:** Metadata Contact: [Data infodesk](mailto:data@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Betony Colman](mailto:betony.colman@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Laura Poggio](mailto:laura.poggio@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Luis Calisto](mailto:luis.callisto@isric.org) Resource Contact: [Niels Batjes](mailto:niels.batjes@isric.org) **Data lineage:** Data quality information not available **Resource constraints:** Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ **Online resources:**

This harmonized dataset of derived soil properties for the world (WISE30sec) is comprised of a soil-geographical and a soil attribute component. The GIS dataset was created using the soil map unit delineations of the broad scale Harmonised World Soil Database, version 1.21, with minor corrections, overlaid by a climate zones map (Köppen-Geiger) as co-variate, and soil property estimates derived from analyses of the ISRIC-WISE soil profile database for the respective mapped ‘soil/climate’ combinations. The dataset considers 20 soil properties that are commonly required for global agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil gaseous emissions, and analyses of global environmental change. It presents ‘best’ estimates for: organic carbon content, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH(H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, effective CEC, total exchangeable bases (TEB), base saturation, aluminium saturation, calcium carbonate content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity, particle size distribution (content of sand, silt and clay), proportion of coarse fragments (less than 2 mm), bulk density, and available water capacity (-33 to -1500 kPa); also the dominant soil drainage class. Soil property estimates are presented for fixed depth intervals of 20 cm up to a depth of 100 cm, respectively of 50 cm between 100 cm to 200 cm (or less when appropriate) for so-called ‘synthetic’ profiles’ (as defined by their ‘soil/climate’ class). The respective soil property estimates were derived from statistical analyses of data for some 21,000 soil profiles managed in a working copy of the ISRIC-WISE database; this was done using an elaborate scheme of taxonomy-based transfer rules complemented with expert-rules that consider the ‘in-pedon’ consistency of the predictions. The type of rules used was flagged to provide an indication of the possible confidence (i.e. lineage) in the derived data. Best estimates for each attribute are given as means and standard deviations (STD), as calculated for the sample populations that remained upon application of a robust data outlier detection scheme. Results of the analyses can be linked to the spatial data through the unique map unit (grid cell) identifier, which is a combination of the soil unit and climate class code. Most map units are comprised of up to ten different components; each of these with their own range of derived soil properties and associated statistical uncertainties. Estimates of global soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks to 200 cm are presented in the technical documentation as an example of possible application. For citation use: Batjes NH 2016. Harmonised soil property values for broad-scale modelling (WISE30sec) with estimates of global soil carbon stocks. Geoderma 2016(269), 61-68 ( http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2016.01.034 ) Note: The chemical and physical soil property estimates generated for WISE30sec have been used to populate version 2.0 of the Harmonised World Soil Database (see https://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/54aebf11-ec73-4ff8-bf6c-ecff4b0725ea).

This soil organic carbon dataset contains the following maps: soil organic carbon concentration (%) for the 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm, 20-30 cm and 0-30 cm soil layers, and bulk density (kg/m3) and soil organic carbon stock (kg/m2) for the 0-30 cm layer. These maps were produced with (geostatistical) regression-kriging models that combined soil data from the NAFORMA survey, the Tanzania National Soil Survey and the African Soil Profiles Database Version 1.1 with a suite of environmental GIS data layers including a land cover map, SOTER soil class map, maps of topographic attributes derived from the SRTM-DEM, maps of surface reflectance and vegetation indices derived from satellite imagery. The regression-kriging models were used to predict carbon concentrations, stocks and bulk density at the nodes of a regular grid with 250 meter cell size covering the Tanzania. Prediction uncertainty was quantified and is available with the data as the lower and upper boundary of the 90% prediction interval. Further details about the input data, modelling framework, and cross validation results are provided in a peer-reviewed, scientific journal article. The project was funded by the UN-REDD Programme Output 2.4 “National Maps inform delivery of the REDD+ Framework” and conducted through a letter of Agreement between Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and ISRIC-World Soil Information. The maps were produced by ISRIC - World Soil Information in a collaborative effort with the National Soil Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources and Tourism, Tanzania Forest Services, Sokoine University, and the AfSIS project.

Version 1.2 of describes a harmonized dataset of derived soil properties for the world. It was created using the soil distribution shown on the 1:5 million scale FAO-Unesco Soil Map of the World (DSMW), rasterised at 5 by 5 arcminutes, and soil property estimates derived from the ISRIC-WISE soil profile database, version 3.1. The dataset considers 19 soil variables that are commonly required for agro-ecological zoning, land evaluation, crop growth simulation, modelling of soil gaseous emissions, and analyses of global environmental change. It presents ‘best’ estimates for: soil drainage class, organic carbon content, total nitrogen, C/N ratio, pH (H2O), CECsoil, CECclay, effective CEC, base saturation, aluminium saturation, calcium carbonate content, gypsum content, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), electrical conductivity, particle size distribution (i.e. content of sand, silt and clay), content of coarse fragments (less than 2 mm), bulk density, and available water capacity (-33 to -1500 kPa). These estimates are presented by FAO soil unit for fixed depth intervals of 20 cm up to 100 cm depth (or less when appropriate) for so-called virtual profiles. The associated soil property values were derived from analyses of some 10,250 profiles held in WISE using a scheme of taxonomy-based taxotransfer rules complemented with expert-rules. The type of rules used to derive the various soil property values have been flagged in the database to provide an indication of the possible confidence in the derived data. Most map units on the DSMW are complex, comprising up to eight different soil units. Assessments and model applications that use the derived soil properties therefore should consider the full map unit composition and depth range. The soil property values presented here should be seen as best estimates based on the current selection of soil profiles in WISE, the procedure for clustering the measured data, taxotransfer scheme used for deriving soil, properties, and the spatial data of the digital Soil Map of the World. The derived information may be used for exploratory assessments at a broad scale (greater than 1:5 million; 5 by 5 arcminutes and coarser), pending the global update of the information on world soil resources at more detailed scales, upon due consideration of the underlying generalisations and assumptions. Note: A more recent assessment, at a resolution of 30arcsec (WISE30sec), is available at: http://data.isric.org/geonetwork/srv/eng/catalog.search#/metadata/dc7b283a-8f19-45e1-aaed-e9bd515119bc