HLS Landsat Operational Land Imager Surface Reflectance and TOA Brightness Daily Global 30m v2.0

The Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) project provides consistent surface reflectance data from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) aboard the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 satellite and the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard Europe’s Copernicus Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C satellites. The combined measurement enables global observations of the land every 1.6 days at 30-meter (m) spatial resolution. The HLS project uses a set of algorithms to obtain seamless products from OLI and MSI that include atmospheric correction, cloud and cloud-shadow masking, spatial co-registration and common gridding, illumination and view angle normalization, and spectral bandpass adjustment. The HLSS30 product provides 30-m Nadir Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF)-Adjusted Reflectance (NBAR) and is derived from Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C MSI data products. The HLSS30 and HLSL30 products are gridded to the same resolution and Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) tiling system and thus are “stackable” for time series analysis. The HLSS30 product is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format, and each band is distributed as a separate COG. There are 13 bands included in the HLSS30 product along with four angle bands and a quality assessment (QA) band. See the User Guide for a more detailed description of the individual bands provided in the HLSS30 product. The HLS project is funded by NASA’s Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) which provides data products developed to meet the needs of stakeholders from US government agencies. For information on known issues see the anomalies link under the Documents and Resources tab.

The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) project provides consistent data products from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) aboard the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellites and the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard Europe’s Copernicus Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C satellites. The combined measurement enables global observations of the land every 1.6 days at 30 meter (m) spatial resolution. The HLSL30 Vegetation Indices (HLSL30_VI) product is derived from Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 OLI data products. Vegetation indices combine specific bands of satellite data to quantify various aspects of vegetation. Analysis of vegetation indices allows for tracking changes in vegetation over time, identifying areas of stress or deforestation, and assessing crop health. Vegetation indices provide a reliable and efficient means of understanding the complex dynamics of vegetation health. The HLSS30_VI and HLSL30_VI products are gridded to the same resolution and Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) tiling system and thus are “stackable” for time series analysis. The HLSL30_VI product is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format, and each variable is distributed as a separate file. Nine indicators of vegetation health are included in the HLSL30_VI product: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Normalized Burn Ratio 2 (NBR2), and Triangular Vegetation Index (TVI). See the User Guide for a more detailed description of the individual vegetation health variables provided in the HLSL30_VI product. The HLS project is funded by NASA’s Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) which provides data products developed to meet the needs of stakeholders from US government agencies.

The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) project provides consistent data products from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) aboard the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellites and the Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI) aboard Europe’s Copernicus Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C satellites. The combined measurement enables global observations of the land every 1.6 days at 30 meter (m) spatial resolution. The HLSS30 Vegetation Indices (HLSS30_VI) product is derived from Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C MSI data products. Vegetation indices combine specific bands of satellite data to quantify various aspects of vegetation. Analysis of vegetation indices allows for tracking changes in vegetation over time, identifying areas of stress or deforestation, and assessing crop health. Vegetation indices provide a reliable and efficient means of understanding the complex dynamics of vegetation health. The HLSS30_VI and HLSL30_VI products are gridded to the same resolution and Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) tiling system and thus are “stackable” for time series analysis. The HLSS30_VI product is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format, and each band is distributed as a separate file. Nine indicators of vegetation health are included in the HLSS30_VI product: Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), Normalized Difference Moisture Index (NDMI), Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Normalized Burn Ratio 2 (NBR2), and Triangular Vegetation Index (TVI). See the User Guide for a more detailed description of the individual vegetation health variables provided in the HLSS30_VI product. The HLS project is funded by NASA’s Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) which provides data products developed to meet the needs of stakeholders from US government agencies.

The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) project takes input data from the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellites and the European Space Agency's Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C satellites to generate a harmonized, analysis-ready surface reflectance data product with observations every 1.6 days.  Intended Use: The frequent revisit times of HLS allow for time series of land surface applications at the field/plot scale, which supports a wide range of applications, including agricultural health, insect infestations, and natural hazard impacts. The HLSS30 and HLSL30 products are gridded to the same resolution and tiling system and thus are “stackable” for time series analysis. Key Properties: Geographic Coverage: Global Land Temporal Coverage: March 2026 - Present Spatial Resolution: 30-meter Revisit Time: ~1 Day Update Frequency: Daily Product Level: Level-3 Source Data Coordinate System: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) WGS84 Service Coordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (EPSG:3857) Multispectral Bands NameDescriptionUnitsData TypeFill ValueScale FactorBand 1Coastal AerosolN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 2BlueN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 3GreenN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 4RedN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 5NIRN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 6SWIR 1N/Aint16-99990.0001Band 7SWIR 2N/Aint16-99990.0001Band 9CirrusN/Aint16-99990.0001Band 10TIRS 1N/Aint16-99990.01Band 11TIRS 2N/Aint16-99990.01FmaskQuality BitsBit Fielduint8255N/ASAASun Azimuth AngleDegreeuint16400000.01SZASun Zenith AngleDegreeuint16400000.01VAAView Azimuth AngleDegreeuint16400000.01VZAView Zenith AngleDegreeuint16400000.01Processing Templates Server-side renderings available on this layer (select via the Rendering / Image Display options). The default rendering is Natural Color. Band-combination templates are for visualization; index templates (NDVI, NDWI, NBR, NDBI) return values suitable for analysis. "DRA" applies dynamic range adjustment; "Cloud Mask" variants suppress pixels flagged by the Fmask quality band. NDVI Colormap — Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with colormap. Dark green represents vigorous vegetation and brown represents sparse vegetation. It is computed as (b5 - b4) / (b5 + b4) and is suitable for vegetation, land cover and plant health monitoring. (also available: Cloud Mask) NDVI Raw — Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) computed as (b5 - b4) / (b5 + b4) and is suitable for vegetation, land cover and plant health monitoring. (also available: Cloud Mask) NDWI Raw — The NDWI index is computed as Green(Band03)-NIR(Band05)/ Green(Band03)+NIR(Band05) and is most suitable for mapping of water bodies, droughts, boundary evaluation. Water bodies have strong absorbability and low radiation within the visible to infrared spectral ranges and this index is based on this phenomenon. (also available: Cloud Mask) Natural Color — Natural Color bands red, green, blue(4, 3, 2) displayed with fixed stretch applied. (also available: Cloud Mask, DRA, DRA and Cloud Mask) Normalized Burn Ratio — The NBR index is computed as NIR(Band05)-SWIR(Band7)/NIR(Band05)+SWIR(Band7) and appropriate for highlighting burned areas and estimating fire severity. It highlights burnt areas in fire zones greater than 500 acres. You will need to generate a differenced NBR image by subtracting a post-fire image from a pre-fire image. The resulting darker pixels represent burned areas. (also available: Cloud Mask) Normalized Difference Built-Up Index — The NDBI index is computed as SWIR(Band6)-NIR(Band05)/ SWIR(Band6)+NIR(Band05) and is suitable for watershed runoff predictions, tracking urbananisation and land-use planning. It highlights urban areas with higher reflectance in the SWIR region, compared to the NIR region. This index also contains a cloud mask. (also available: Cloud Mask) Limitations of Use: HLSL30 v2.0 data contain several known limitations related to atmospheric correction, cloud masking, geolocation, and metadata that users should carefully consider before analysis. A full description of these known issues is available here. Latency: Imagery tiles are configured to render at a 150 meter scale. Dynamic Mosaic rendering can take an extended period of time.  Resource Links: Download Data User Guide General Documentation For inquiries about this service, please contact support@earthdata.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the Earthdata Forum Citation: Neigh, C., Ju, J., Roger, J.-C., Skakun, S., Vermote, E., Claverie, M., Dungan, J., Yin, Z., Freitag, B., & Justice, C. (2021). HLS Operational Land Imager Surface Reflectance and TOA Brightness Daily Global 30m v2.0 [Dataset]. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/HLS/HLSL30.002

The Harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) project takes input data from the joint NASA/USGS Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 satellites and the European Space Agency's Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C satellites to generate a harmonized, analysis-ready surface reflectance data product with observations every 1.6 days.  Intended Use: The frequent revisit times of HLS allow for time series of land surface applications at the field/plot scale, which supports a wide range of applications, including agricultural health, insect infestations, and natural hazard impacts. The HLSS30 and HLSL30 products are gridded to the same resolution and tiling system and thus are “stackable” for time series analysis. Key Properties: Geographic Coverage: Global Land Temporal Coverage: May 2026 - Present Spatial Resolution: 30-meter Revisit Time: ~1 Day Update Frequency: Daily Product Level: Level-3 Source Data Coordinate System: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) WGS84 Service Coordinate System: Web Mercator Auxiliary Sphere (EPSG:3857) Multispectral Bands Name Description Units Data Type Fill Value Scale Factor Band 1Coastal AerosolN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 2BlueN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 3GreenN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 4RedN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 5Red Edge 1N/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 6Red Edge 2N/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 7Red Edge 3N/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 8NIR BroadN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 8ANIR NarrowN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 9Water VaporN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 10CirrusN/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 11SWIR 1N/Aint16-99990.0001 Band 12SWIR 2N/Aint16-99990.0001 FmaskQuality BitsBit Fielduint8255N/A SAASun Azimuth AngleDegreeuint16400000.01 Processing Templates Server-side renderings available on this layer (select via the Rendering / Image Display options). The default rendering is Natural Color. Band-combination templates are for visualization; index templates (NDVI, NDWI, NBR, NDBI) return values suitable for analysis. "DRA" applies dynamic range adjustment; "Cloud Mask" variants suppress pixels flagged by the Fmask quality band. NDVI Colormap — Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with colormap. Dark green represents vigorous vegetation and brown represents sparse vegetation. It is computed as (b5 - b4) / (b5 + b4) and is suitable for vegetation, land cover and plant health monitoring. (also available: Cloud Mask) NDVI Raw — Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) computed as (b5 - b4) / (b5 + b4) and is suitable for vegetation, land cover and plant health monitoring. (also available: Cloud Mask) NDWI Raw — The NDWI index is computed as Green(Band03)-NIR(Band05)/ Green(Band03)+NIR(Band05) and is most suitable for mapping of water bodies, droughts, boundary evaluation. Water bodies have strong absorbability and low radiation within the visible to infrared spectral ranges and this index is based on this phenomenon. (also available: Cloud Mask) Natural Color — Natural Color bands red, green, blue(4, 3, 2) displayed with fixed stretch applied. (also available: Cloud Mask, DRA, DRA and Cloud Mask) Normalized Burn Ratio — The NBR index is computed as NIR(Band05)-SWIR(Band7)/NIR(Band05)+SWIR(Band7) and appropriate for highlighting burned areas and estimating fire severity. It highlights burnt areas in fire zones greater than 500 acres. You will need to generate a differenced NBR image by subtracting a post-fire image from a pre-fire image. The resulting darker pixels represent burned areas. (also available: Cloud Mask) Normalized Difference Built-Up Index — The NDBI index is computed as SWIR(Band6)-NIR(Band05)/ SWIR(Band6)+NIR(Band05) and is suitable for watershed runoff predictions, tracking urbananisation and land-use planning. It highlights urban areas with higher reflectance in the SWIR region, compared to the NIR region. This index also contains a cloud mask. (also available: Cloud Mask) Limitations of Use: HLSS30 v2.0 data contain several known limitations related to atmospheric correction, cloud masking, geolocation, and metadata that users should carefully consider before analysis. A full description of these known issues is available here. Latency: Imagery tiles are configured to render at a 150 meter scale. Dynamic Mosaic rendering can take an extended period of time.  Resource Links: Download Data User Guide General Documentation For inquiries about this service, please contact support@earthdata.nasa.gov or post/view questions on the Earthdata Forum Citation: Neigh, C., Ju, J., Roger, J.-C., Skakun, S., Vermote, E., Claverie, M., Dungan, J., Yin, Z., Freitag, B., & Justice, C. (2021). HLS Sentinel-2 Multi-spectral Instrument Surface Reflectance Daily Global 30m v2.0 [Dataset]. NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center. https://doi.org/10.5067/HLS/HLSS30.002.

The Observational Products for End-Users from Remote Sensing Analysis (OPERA) Land Surface Disturbance Alert from Harmonized Landsat Sentinel-2 (HLS) product Version 1 maps vegetation disturbance alerts that are derived from data collected by Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and Sentinel-2A, Sentinel-2B, and Sentinel-2C Multi-Spectral Instrument (MSI). A vegetation disturbance alert is detected at 30 meter (m) spatial resolution when there is an indicated decrease in vegetation cover within an HLS pixel. The Level-3 data product also provides additional information about more general disturbance trends and auxiliary generic disturbance information as determined from the variations of the reflectance through the HLS scenes. HLS data represent the highest temporal frequency data available at medium spatial resolution. The combined observations will provide greater sensitivity to land changes, whether of large magnitude/short duration or small magnitude/long duration. The OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS (or DIST-ALERT) data product is provided in Cloud Optimized GeoTIFF (COG) format, and each layer is distributed as a separate file. There are 19 layers contained within the DIST-ALERT product. The layers for both vegetation and generic disturbance include disturbance status, loss or anomaly, maximum loss anomaly, disturbance confidence layer, date of disturbance, count of observations with loss anomalies, days of ongoing anomalies, and day of last disturbance detection. Additional layers are vegetation cover percent, historical percent vegetation cover, and data mask. See the Product Specification Document (PSD) for a more detailed description of the individual layers provided in the DIST-ALERT product. The OPERA project is funded by NASA’s Satellite Needs Working Group (SNWG) which provides data products developed to meet the needs of stakeholders from US government agencies. The OPERA_L3_DIST-ALERT-HLS product contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2020-2025). Processing Improvements/Changes * For DIST-ALERT granules processed prior to July 21, 2026, the GeoTIFF "Input_DIST-ALERT_granule" metadata field lists a single granule. From July 21, 2026 onward, multiple prior granules may be referenced to account for all recent HLS granules as when a granule with an earlier sensing time is made available after a granule with a later sensing time. In this case, the field contains a comma-separated list. This processing update also applies to the "Input_DIST-ALERT_granule" field under the “AdditionalAttributes” section in the cmr.json file. Known Issues * Additional usage constraints are provided under Section 5 of the Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD).