The spatial distribution of population in 2020 with country total adjusted to match the corresponding UNPD estimate, Rwanda

This dataset presents a fine-grained population map of Rwanda with a resolution of 100 meters for 2020, generated using the POMELO super-resolution technique that is based on deep learning. Please refer to our Nature Scientific Reports publication for more details. Background: Traditionally, many countries, including those in sub-Saharan Africa, rely on aggregated census data over expansive spatial units, which are not always timely or accurate. The need for detailed population maps is paramount in several sectors, including urban development, environmental supervision, public health, and humanitarian initiatives. Addressing this gap, the POMELO methodology leverages coarse census data in conjunction with open geodata to produce high precision population maps. Key Features: Resolution: The map offers a granular view with a 100m ground sampling distance, providing intricate details about population distributions in Rwanda. Data Sources: Utilizing a combination of projected admisistrative census data (UN), and supplementing it with open geodata. Reliability: In comparative experiments conducted in sub-Saharan Africa, POMELO's ability to disaggregate coarse census counts achieved R2 values of 85-89%. Furthermore, its potential to predict population numbers without any census data reached accuracy levels of 48-69%.

Open and free data for assessing the human presence on the planet. The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) project produces global spatial information, evidence-based analytics, and knowledge describing the human presence on the planet. The GHSL relies on the design and implementation of spatial data processing technologies that allow automatic data analytics and information extraction from large amounts of heterogeneous geospatial data including global, fine-scale satellite image data streams, census data, and crowd sourced or volunteered geographic information sources. The JRC, together with the Directorate-General for Regional and Urban Policy (DG REGIO) and Directorate-General for Defence Industry and Space (DG DEFIS) are working towards a regular and operational monitoring of global built-up and population based on the processing of Sentinel Earth Observation data produced by European Copernicus space program. In addition, the EU Agency for the Space Programme (EUSPA) undertakes activities related to user uptake of data, information and services.

This dataset contains administrative polygons grouped by country (admin-0) with the following subdivisions according to Who's On First placetypes: - macroregion (admin-1 including region) - region (admin-2 including state, province, department, governorate) - macrocounty (admin-3 including arrondissement) - county (admin-4 including prefecture, sub-prefecture, regency, canton, commune) - localadmin (admin-5 including municipality, local government area, unitary authority, commune, suburb) The dataset also contains human settlement points and polygons for: - localities (city, town, and village) - neighbourhoods (borough, macrohood, neighbourhood, microhood) The dataset covers activities carried out by Who's On First (WOF) since 2015. Global administrative boundaries and human settlements are aggregated and standardized from hundreds of sources and available with an open CC-BY license. Who's On First data is updated on an as-need basis for individual places with annual sprints focused on improving specific countries or placetypes. Please refer to the README.md file for complete data source metadata. Refer to our blog post for explanation of field names. Data corrections can be proposed using Write Field, an web app for making quick data edits. You’ll need a Github.com account to login and propose edits, which are then reviewed by the Who's On First community using the Github pull request process. Approved changes are available for download within 24-hours. Please contact WOF admin about bulk edits.

Using the same methods applied to Pakistan (methods described in the journal Remote Sensing of Environment), the Census Bureau mapped Rwanda, a country with a substantial, dense rural population. Satellite imagery was combined with data from the 2002 Census of Rwanda to produce a geospatial distributed population layer.

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