Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops for Conterminous United States V001

The Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops (GHISA) is a comprehensive compilation, collation, harmonization, and standardization of hyperspectral signatures of agricultural crops of the world. This hyperspectral library of agricultural crops is developed for all major world crops and was collected by United States Geological Survey (USGS) and partnering volunteer agencies from around the world. Crops include wheat, rice, barley, corn, soybeans, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, chickpeas, lentils, and pigeon peas, which together occupy about 65% of all global cropland areas. The GHISA spectral libraries were collected and collated using spaceborne, airborne (e.g., aircraft and drones), and ground based hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy. The GHISA spectral library for California’s Central Valley (CCV) derived from German Aerospace Center (DLR) Earth Sensing Imaging Spectrometer (DESIS) (GHISACCVDESIS) Version 1 product provides information for nine crop classes: cotton, grapes, hay, tomatoes, tree crops, winter wheat, other crops, fallow, and other. GHISACCVDESIS was developed using 75 DESIS hyperspectral images of California’s Central Valley acquired during the month of August for years 2021 through 2023. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layer (CDL) was used as reference data. The spectral library is provided in an Excel spreadsheet, which includes unique sample identifier, sample location (latitude and longitude), sensor product, acquisition month and year, reflectance spectra in percent surface reflectance, and crop class label for each sample point within California’s Central Valley.

The Global Hyperspectral Imaging Spectral-library of Agricultural crops (GHISA) is a comprehensive compilation, collation, harmonization, and standardization of hyperspectral signatures of agricultural crops of the world. This hyperspectral library of agricultural crops is developed for all major world crops and was collected by United States Geological Survey (USGS) and partnering volunteer agencies from around the world. Crops include wheat, rice, barley, corn, soybeans, cotton, sugarcane, potatoes, chickpeas, lentils, and pigeon peas, which together occupy about 65% of all global cropland areas. The GHISA spectral libraries were collected and collated using spaceborne, airborne (e.g., aircrafts and drones), and ground based hyperspectral imaging spectroscopy. The GHISA for Central Asia (GHISACASIA) Version 1 product provides dominant crop data (wheat, rice, corn, alfalfa, and cotton) in different growth stages across the Galaba and Kuva farm fields in the Syr Darya river basin in Central Asia. The GHISA hyperspectral library for the two irrigated areas was developed using Earth Observing-1 (EO-1) Hyperion hyperspectral data acquired in 2007 and ASD (Analytical Spectral Devices, Inc.) Spectroradiometer data acquired in 2006 and 2007. GHISACASIA is extracted from three Hyperion hyperspectral images and several thousands of field ASD Spectroradiometer data. Measurements were taken from 1,232 randomly chosen points scattered across the two farm sites throughout the growing season. All the processing algorithms are coded in Statistical Analysis System (SAS) format and available for download. Provided in the .xlsx files are the spectral library including image information, plot IDs, study area, instrument, Julian or acquisition date, and crop type labels for Central Asia sample fields.

The Landsat-derived Global Rainfed and Irrigated-Cropland Product Level 3 2020 (LGRIP30_L3) Version 2 data provides high-resolution, 30 meter (m) cropland data to assist and address food and water security issues of the twenty-first century. As an extension of the Global Food Security-support Analysis Data (GFSAD) project, LGRIP L3 V2 maps agricultural croplands by dividing them into irrigated and rainfed croplands, and calculates irrigated and rainfed areas across the globe. LGRIP data are produced using Landsat 8 time-series satellite sensor data for the 2019 through 2021 time period to create a nominal 2020 product. Each LGRIP30 L3 V2 30 m resolution GeoTIFF file contains a layer that identifies areas of rainfed cropland (cropland areas that are purely dependent on direct precipitation without any artificial watering), irrigated cropland (cropland that had at least one irrigation during the crop growing period), non-cropland, and water bodies over a 10° by 10° area, as well as an accuracy assessment of the product. A low-resolution browse image is also included. Currently, LGRIP30 V2 products only contain data for the conterminous United States (CONUS). LGRIP30 V2 data covering the rest of the globe will be added at a later date.

The Landsat-Derived Global Irrigated-Cropland Product Level 1 2020 (LGRIP30_L1_IRRI) Version 2 data provides high-resolution, 30 meter (m) cropland data to assist and address food and water security issues of the twenty-first century. As an extension of the Global Food Security-support Analysis Data (GFSAD) project, LGRIP_L1_IRRI V2 maps agricultural lands by dividing them into 32 irrigated cropland types and calculates applicable cropland areas across the globe. LGRIP data are produced using Landsat 8 time-series satellite sensor data for the 2019 through 2021 time period to create a nominal 2020 product. Each LGRIP30 L1 V2 Irrigated 30 m resolution GeoTIFF file contains a layer that identifies areas of irrigated cropland (cropland that had at least one irrigation during the crop growing period) divided into 32 types, non-irrigated land (rainfed cropland and areas not classified as cropland), and water bodies over a 10° by 10° area, as well as an accuracy assessment of the product. A low-resolution browse image is also included. Currently, LGRIP30 V2 products contain data only for the conterminous United States (CONUS). LGRIP30 V2 data covering the rest of the globe will be added at a later date.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Global Food Security Support Analysis Data (GFSAD) Crop Dominance Global 1 kilometer (km) dataset was created using multiple input data including: Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Satellite Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) vegetation, and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) remote sensing data; crop type data, secondary elevation data; 50-year precipitation and 20-year temperature data; reference sub-meter to 5 meter resolution ground data; and country statistic data. The GFSAD1KCD data were produced for nominal 2010 by overlaying the five dominant crops of the world produced by Ramankutty et al. (2008), Monfreda et al. (2008), and Portman et al. (2009) over the remote sensing derived global irrigated and rainfed cropland area map of the International Water Management Institute (IWMI; Thenkabail et al., 2009a, 2009b, 2011, Biradar et al., 2009) to ultimately create eight classes of crop dominance. The GFSAD1KCD nominal 2010 product is based on data ranging from years 2007 through 2012. Known Issues * See Section 3.0 of the GFSAD 1 km User Guide.

The NASA Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) Global Food Security-support Analysis Data (GFSAD) data product provides cropland extent data over North America for nominal year 2010 at 30 meter resolution (GFSAD30NACE). The monitoring of global cropland extent is critical for policymaking and provides important baseline data that are used in many agricultural cropland studies pertaining to water sustainability and food security. The GFSAD30NACE data product uses a combination of the pixel-based supervised classifier, Random Forest (RF), and the object-oriented classifier, Recursive Hierarchical Image Segmentation (RHSEG). The classifiers retrieve cropland extent from a combination of Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper (TM) and Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) data and elevation derived from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) Version 3 data products. Each GFSAD30NACE GeoTIFF file contains a cropland extent layer that defines areas of cropland, non-cropland, and water bodies over a 10° by 10° area. Known Issues * Known issues, including constraints and limitations, are provided on page 39 of the ATBD.