usSEABED - Integrated SeaFloor Characterization Database

Havbundssedimentkortet, der er opdateret i 2020, viser den geografiske fordeling af havbundssedimenterne i de danske farvande. Den givne sedimentklassificering repræsenterer den primære sedimenttype i de øverste 0,5 m af havbunden. Hver sedimentklasse er defineret ud fra den specifikke kornstørrelsesfordeling. Morænel er dog et blandet sediment af ler, sand og grus, og sedimentære bjergarter udtrykker tilstedeværelsen af aflejringer med en alder på flere millioner år og forskellig historie. På grund af den ujævne datafordeling er klassificeringerne baseret på interpolationer mellem datapunkter sammen med kendskab til den geologiske historie, vanddybder og havbundens morfologi. Derudover er tilgængelig biologisk information (fordeling af alger, ålegræs, muslingebanker osv.) inkluderet som baggrundsinformation. The Seabed sediment map, which is updated in 2020, shows the spatial distribution of the seabed sediments in the Danish waters. The given sediment classification represents the major sediment type of the upper 0.5 m of the seabed. Each sediment class is defined based on the specific grain size distribution. However, till is a mixed sediment of clay, sand and gravel, and sedimentary rocks express the presence of deposits with an age of several million years and different histories. Due to the uneven data distribution, the classifications are based on interpolations between data points together with the knowledge of the geological history the water depths and seabed morphology. Furthermore, available biological information (distribution of algae, eelgrass, mussel beds etc.) has been included as background information.

This dataset represents a nationwide digital geological map of superficial deposits in Denmark at a scale of 1:200.000. The map shows the classification and distribution of near-surface deposits, primarily glacial and post-glacial sediments. The dataset is based on the Digital Soil and Sediment Map of Denmark at 1:25.000 in areas where detailed mapping is available. In other areas, the distribution of deposits has been interpreted based on borehole data, landscape analysis and other available geological information. The deposits are classified into 12 generalised types, making the dataset a simplified and generalised version of the detailed 1:25.000 map. The dataset provides a national overview of superficial deposits and serves as a reference for regional and national applications. Official metadata Purpose The purpose of the dataset is to provide a consistent, nationwide digital map of superficial deposits in Denmark. The map is used as a basis for geological interpretation, environmental management, land-use planning, resource assessment, as well as education and research. Supplemental Information The dataset is an interpretation-based national map product and is not subject to continuous updates. It represents a generalised overview of the distribution of superficial deposits at the ground surface and should be used in conjunction with more detailed maps and local data where higher spatial resolution or detailed stratigraphic information is required. Lineage The dataset was compiled by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and represents version 2 of the digital superficial deposits map at a scale of 1:200.000. The map is based on the compilation and harmonisation of existing geological maps, borehole data, geomorphological analyses and previous Quaternary geological investigations. Version 2 includes updates and improvements compared to earlier versions, including revised deposit boundaries and classifications based on new knowledge and quality assurance. During compilation of the dataset, generalisation and adjustments have been applied in certain areas, resulting in a spatial uncertainty of up to approximately 200 m, locally slightly more. The dataset is designed as an overview map at a scale of 1:200.000 and is suitable for educational purposes, regional-scale analyses and as background information for other thematic maps. The dataset is not subject to continuous updates and was published in GEUS Report 2011/19. Mapping of superficial deposits in Denmark has been a core task of the Danish geological surveys since the establishment of the Geological Survey of Denmark (DGU) in 1888. The digital superficial deposits map at a scale of 1:200.000, version 2, builds on this long mapping tradition but represents a modern digital compilation and interpretation based on more recent data and methods.

The Digital Geological Map of Denmark 1:25,000, version 7.0, is a nationwide geological dataset describing the distribution of near-surface soil and sediment types across Denmark. The dataset is produced and maintained by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) and represents the latest version of the digital soil and sediment map at a scale of 1:25,000. The map is based on an integrated interpretation of geological field observations, borehole data, historical analogue maps, and more recent digital datasets. Soil and sediment units are classified according to their lithological and genetic characteristics and represent the dominant materials in the uppermost geological layers. The dataset is continuously updated, and version 7.0 includes both revisions of previously mapped areas and newly mapped regions. The dataset is widely used as a foundation for geological analysis, land-use planning, environmental assessment, groundwater protection, raw material management, research, and education. In version 7 from 2023, 93% of Denmark's land area is classified, and the map is continuously supplemented. The map and sediment type description are published in GEUS report 2023/29, where further information is available. Official metadata Purpose To provide a detailed, consistent, and up-to-date geological map of near-surface soil and sediment types in Denmark for management, analysis, planning, and research purposes. Lineage The Digital Geological Map version 7.0 is the product of a long-term geological data acquisition and mapping program in Denmark. Field surveys and geological observations were carried out from approximately 1888 up to the publication year of 2023. The map is based on compiled geological data from interpreted field maps, boreholes, and systematic digitization of historical analogue maps. Version 7 includes additional mapped areas beyond earlier versions and was produced by the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS).

The GEBCO_2019 Grid was the first global bathymetric grid released by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) that had been developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project. The GEBCO_2019 product provides global coverage, spanning 89° 59' 52.5''N, 179° 59' 52.5''W to 89° 59' 52.5''S, 179° 59' 52.5''E on a 15 arc-second grid. It consists of 43200 rows x 86400 columns, giving 3,732,480,000 data points. The data values are pixel-centre registered i.e. they refer to elevations at the centre of grid cells. The data are available to free download according to the Terms of Use provided by https://www.gebco.net/. The GEBCO_2019 Grid has been projected to WGS 84 / IBCAO Polar Stereographic (EPSG:3996) and clipped to 50° N. GEBCO Compilation Group (2021) GEBCO 2021 Grid (doi:10.5285/c6612cbe-50b3-0cff-e053-6c86abc09f8f). Map cartography and styling compiled by Christian Brogaard Pedersen (cbp@geus.dk), Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS).  Disclaimer: The GEBCO Grid should NOT be used for navigation or for any other purpose involving safety at sea. The GEBCO Grid is made available 'as is'. While every effort has been made to ensure reliability within the limits of present knowledge, the accuracy and completeness of The GEBCO Grid cannot be guaranteed. No responsibility can be accepted by GEBCO, IHO, IOC, or those involved in its creation or publication for any consequential loss, injury or damage arising from its use or for determining the fitness of The GEBCO Grid for any particular use. The GEBCO Grid is based on bathymetric data from many different sources of varying quality and coverage. As The GEBCO Grid is an information product created by interpolation of measured data, the resolution of The GEBCO Grid may be significantly different to that of the resolution of the underlying measured data. Purpose The purpose of the dataset is to serve as a common bathymetric background map in the ISAAFFIK Arctic Gateway portal and to support visualisation and contextualisation of marine, geological and geophysical datasets in Arctic regions. Supplemental Information The dataset is based on GEBCO 2019 and must not be used for navigation purposes. The dataset has been created as a background map for the ISAAFFIK Arctic Gateway and is published as a Web Map Tile Service (WMTS) via GEUS’ ArcGIS Server. GEUS has only carried out a reprojection and publication of the original dataset. Lineage The GEBCO_2019 Grid is released by the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) and has been developed through the Nippon Foundation-GEBCO Seabed 2030 Project with all rights reserved. The Seabed 2030 Project aims to bring together all available bathymetric data to produce the definitive map of the world ocean floor and make it available to all. The GEBCO_2019 product provides global coverage with a continuous, global terrain model for ocean and land with a spatial resolution of 15 arc-seconds grid. It consists of 86400 rows x 43200 columns, giving 3,732,480,000 data points. The data values are pixel-center registered i.e. they refer to elevations at the center of grid cells. The grid uses as a ‘base’ Version 1 of the SRTM15+ data set (Olson et al, 2014). This data set is a fusion of land topography with measured and estimated seafloor topography. It is largely based on version 11 of SRTM30+ (Becker et al, 2009; Sandwell et al, 2014), augmented with the gridded bathymetric data sets developed by the four Seabed 2030 Regional Centers. The published data were recalculated on a cell-registered grid for use by GEBCO. The majority of the work, for the non-polar regions, was done using the 'remove-restore' procedure (Smith and Sandwell, 1997; Becker, Sandwell and Smith, 2009 and Hell and Jakobsson, 2011). This is a two-stage process of computing the difference between the new data and the 'base' grid, gridding the difference and adding this difference back to the existing base grid. The aim is to achieve a smooth transition between the 'new' and 'base' data sets with the minimum of perturbation of the existing base data set. For the polar data sets, and the adjoining North Sea, are supplied in the form of complete grids. These data sets were included using feather blending techniques from GlobalMapper software version 11.01, made available by Blue Marble Geographic.

Retirement Notice: This item is in mature support as of December 2025 and will be retired in December 2027. A new version of this item is available for your use. Esri recommends updating your maps and apps to use the new version. Ocean depth plays an important role in the distribution and abundance of living organisms and has important implications for shipping and offshore development projects such as wind power and oil extraction. Phenomenon Mapped: Seafloor depth, bathymetryUnits: Meters below sea levelCell Size: 30 arc seconds, approximately 1 kmSource Type: DiscretePixel Type: Signed integerSpatial Reference: GCS_WGS_1984Mosaic Projection: Web Mercator Auxiliary SphereExtent: Global oceansSource: Marine Conservation Institute (MCI)Citation: Becker JJ, Sandwell DT, Smith WHF, Braud J, Binder B, et al. (2009) Global bathymetry and elevation data at 30 arc seconds resolution: SRTM30_PLUS. Marine Geodesy 32: 355–371.Publication Date: 2009ArcGIS Server URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/sharing/servers/3e20c8ae23b44ca7b99af621fdc129de/ The Marine Conservation Institute used this dataset as an input to a predictive habitat model documented in the publication Global Habitat Suitability for Framework-Forming Cold-Water Corals.  The source data is available from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Satellite Geodesy Webpage. What can you do with this layer?  Visualization: This layer can be used for visualization online in web maps and in ArcGIS Desktop.  Analysis: This layer can be used as an input to geoprocessing tools and model builder.  Raster Functions: Unit Conversion – meters to feet, Cartographic Renderer, Aspect, Slope, and Hillshade - see this blog for more information.

Site Regions and Site Districts of Ontario represent an early Ecological Land Classification (ELC) system originally developed by Angus Hills. This dataset was revised by the ELC Working Group in 2000 to better reflect new information and new technology. The Site Regions of Ontario was used for descriptive, planning, and resource management purposes. This upper level in its hierarchy was most useful for provincial and regional roll-ups of data and for strategic planning. Site Districts of Ontario is a more detailed lower (finer-scale) level of the hierarchy, and was more useful for detailed resource management prescriptions and other local and site planning applications. This layer is designed to be used as a spatial selection tool and as a background layer suitable for overlay and or intersection with numerous scales or current hydrologic data. Additional Documentation Site District - Data Description (PDF) Site District - Documentation (Word) Status Historical archive: data has been stored in an offline storage facility Maintenance and Update Frequency Not planned: there are no plans to update the data Contact Peter Uhlig, Peter.Uhlig@ontario.ca