FAOSTAT: Land, Inputs and Sustainability: Temperature change on land

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions from Energy use in agriculture contains data on energy used in agriculture (including forestry, aquaculture and fisheries), for instance to operate machinery, irrigate, heat stables, operate aquaculture ponds and fishing vessels, and related greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. It also includes on-farm use of, and related GHG emissions from, electricity and heat generated off-farm. Data are available by country and regional groups with global coverage and are updated annually.

The FAOSTAT domain on Land Cover data under the Agri-Environmental Indicators section contains land cover information organized by the land cover classes of the international standard system for Environmental and Economic Accounting Central Framework (SEEA CF). The land cover information is compiled from publicly available Global Land Cover (GLC) maps: a) MODIS land cover types based on the Land Cover Classification System, LCCS; b) The European Spatial Agency (ESA) Climate Change Initiative (CCI) annual land cover maps produced by the Université catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Geomatics and now under the European Copernicus Program; c) The annual land cover maps which were produced under the European Copernicus Global Land Service (CGLS) (CGLS land cover, containing discrete land cover categorization), with spatial resolution 100m; and d) the WorldCover maps of the European Space Agency, produced at 10m resolution.

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions indicators disseminates indicators on sectoral shares of total national greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions as well as three indicators of emissions intensity: per capita emissions; emissions per value of agricultural production; and emissions per area of agricultural land.

The FAOSTAT Land Use domain contains data on twenty-one land use categories and twenty-three categories of irrigation and agricultural practices. Data are available yearly and by country, regional and global levels. The domain includes Land Use Indicators providing information on the percentage share of agricultural and forest land, and their sub-components, including irrigated areas and areas under organic agriculture, within a country land use matrix. Data are available at country, regional and global level, for the following elements: (in percentage) i) Share in Land area; ii) Share in Agricultural land, iii) Share in Cropland; and iv) Share in Forest land; (in ha/pc) v) Area per capita.

This dataset shows the average annual surface air temperature anomaly from 1850 to present, compared to a 1951-1980 baseline time period. In other words, this dataset shows how much cooler or warmer each year is compared to the average surface air temperature from 1951-1980. This dataset is available at 1 degree (°) spatial resolution and covers increasing amounts of the Earth’s surface: approximately 57% in 1850, 75% in 1880, 95% in 1960, and 99.9% by 2015. The dataset is shown in degrees Celsius (°C).Surface air temperature is defined as the temperature of the air near the surface of the earth and is generally measured by weather stations. Surface air temperatures are influenced by solar radiation, weather, surface materials, topography, and climate. Surface air temperature anomalies are used to track the change in surface air temperature from a baseline, in this case a 30 year average temperature from 1951-1980. Short-term changes in surface air temperature can have an impact on plants, animals, and humans in those areas. Long-term changes in surface air temperature are used to measure climate change and global warming (Berkeley Earth). Climate change is a long-term change in the average weather patterns that have come to define Earth’s local, regional and global climates. Global warming is the long-term heating of Earth’s climate system observed since the pre-industrial period (between 1850 and 1900) due to human activities, primarily fossil fuel burning, which increases heat-trapping greenhouse gas levels in Earth’s atmosphere (NASA).This dataset was created by combining the Berkeley Earth monthly land surface air temperature estimates with the Hadley Centre Sea Surface Temperature 3 dataset (HadSST3). Berkeley Earth was founded in 2010 with the goal of addressing the major concerns of climate change skeptics regarding global warming and the land surface temperature record. Berkeley Earth uses this dataset to measure changes in global air surface temperature and climate change. Annual average surface air temperature anomaly, compared to the 1951-1980 average

The FAOSTAT domain on Emissions Totals summarizes the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions disseminated in the FAOSTAT Climate Change domains of emissions from agrifood systems. Data are computed following the Tier 1 methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National greenhouse gas (GHG) Inventories (IPCC, 1996; 1997; 2000; 2002; 2006; 2014). Emissions from other economic sectors as defined by the IPCC are also disseminated in the domain for completeness. Methodological details can be found at: https://files-faostat.fao.org/production/GT/GT_en.pdf