Somalia Regions hit by 2012 Tropical Cyclone Murjan

This layer shows Somalia Districts struck by 2012 TC Murjan. They include, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Iskushuban, Garoowe and Eyl District. TC Murjan formed over the south Arabian Sea in association with an active inter tropical convergence zone during last week of October 2012. Moving west-southwestwards, it crossed Somalia coast between 1700 and 1800 UTC of 25th October near lat. 9.80N and long. 50.80E. The system could maintain its intensity of cyclonic storm till landfall, basically due to low to moderate vertical wind shear. TC Murjan caused heavy rainfall and strong wind over Somalia. The storm produced maximum wind speeds of 68.4Km/hr(40.2mph) and rainfall amounts of (100-200)mm. Flash flooding washed away livestock and bridges in the Bari region, causing some fatalities. 100,000 livestock were reported to have died as a result of the storm. After the landfall, due to land interaction, it weakened into a deep depression over coastal Somalia at 1800 UTC of 25th October. It further weakened into a depression over Somalia in the morning of 26th October while moving west-southwest wards

This layer shows the movement path of 2012 TC Murjan. The cyclonic storm, Murjan formed over the south Arabian Sea in association with an active inter tropical convergence zone during last week of October 2012. It was the first cyclone over the north Indian Ocean during this year. Moving west southwestwards, it crossed Somalia's coast between 1700 and 1800 UTC of 25th October near lat. 9.80N and 50.80E. Though the Ocean Heat Content was less over the southwest Arabian Sea (50-80 KJ/cm2) and further less near Somalia's coast (less than 50 KJ/cm2) as well as SST (26-280C), the system could maintain its intensity of cyclonic storm till landfall, basically due to low to moderate vertical wind shear.   After the landfall, due to land interaction, it weakened into a deep depression over coastal Somalia at 1800 UTC of 25th October. It further weakened into a depression over Somalia in the morning of 26th October while moving west-southwest wards.

In December 24, 1992 Tropical Cyclone 12A struck southern Bari region,bringing beneficial rainfall to the normally arid areas. This was the fourth cyclone in the Arabian Sea and the twelfth in the North Indian Ocean in 1992. The tropical disturbance that became TC12A first formed in the Maldives near the equatorial trough.  The peak intensity reached by this cyclone was 50 kt (26 m/s) just prior to landfall. TC12A weakened rapidly after making landfall in Somalia, bringing much needed rain to a dry country. It dissipated over land. Bari region was the most affected region by this storm.

This layer shows Somalia Disricts struck by 2013 TC3A. They include, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Iskushuban, Qandala, Qardho, Garoowe and Eyl District. On 8 November 2013, TC3A formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country during the following days. On November 11, 2013 TC3A struck near the border of the Nugal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. The storm produced a maximum wind speed of 74kph(46mph) and (100-200)mm of rainfall. 2013 TC3A was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia, killing more than 162 people. The depression also destroyed over 1,000 houses, displaced tens of thousands of nomads, and killed millions of livestock. It was estimated that overall, 142,380 persons were affected by the disasters, with 8,523 households being worst hit and 1,435 households having lost all their livestock. It was reported that there were approximately 80 deaths mostly of children and the elderly who were most vulnerable to hypothermia and exposure. Makeshift structures for pastoralists were conspicuously absent or just frames, likely destroyed or damaged by high winds and rains. Numerous water sources were flooded, no longer serviceable and or contaminated in some areas. There were unconfirmed disease outbreaks and contamination of water sources from decaying animal remains. Thousands of livestock were reported dead as a consequence of icy rain, which was noted in the aerial assessment. FAO estimated 800,000 livestock were in the affected area. Anecdotal evidence suggested a less than 10 per cent survival rate for livestock in the hardest hit areas.

Tropical cyclones hitting Somalia Districts for the period between 1984 to 2020. This layer indicates the frequency of cyclone occurence within specific regions. The cyclones recorded include: 1984 Tropical Cyclone 1A 1984 Tropical Cyclone 4B 1992 Tropical Cyclone 12A 1994 Tropical Cyclone 05A 1997 Tropical Cyclone 03A 2004 Tropical Cyclone Agni 2010 Tropical Cyclone Bandu 2012 Tropical Cyclone Murjan 2013 Tropical Cyclone 3A 2015 Tropical Cyclone Chapala 2015 Tropical Cyclone Megh 2018 Tropical Cyclone Sagar 2019 Tropical Cyclone Pawan 2020 Tropical Cyclone Gati

Tropical Cyclone Pawan was named after a tropical storm initially named 06A formed in the northern Indian Ocean. On December 7, 2019 Cyclonic Storm Pawan made landfall in Somalia just south of Eyl district with winds of around 65 mph (40 mph). This layer shows TC Pawan occurence in some regions of Somalia, including Bari, Mudug, Nugaal and Sanaag. The influence of TC Pawan was felt in the coastal areas of Bari and Mudug Regions where moderate to heavy rains had fell and strong winds were sustained on  7th and 8th December. Between 6th and 8th December 2019, TC Pawan caused flash floods and windstorms in the Puntland State of Somalia. Heavy rains and wind gusts of 80 km/h were reported. Pawan continued westward into Ethiopia and weakened. Summary of impacts included: Nugaal, Bari, Mudug Number of people affected:213600 (35600 HH) i.e. pastoralists 15,000 HH, fishing communities 7500 HH, rural-urban settlements 11600 HH including IDPs, farmers 1500 HH. Number of households destroyed:31500 (5250 households) Puntland, Sanaag Number of people who died: 2