2013 Tropical Cyclone 03A Path

This layer shows Somalia Disricts struck by 2013 TC3A. They include, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Iskushuban, Qandala, Qardho, Garoowe and Eyl District. On 8 November 2013, TC3A formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country during the following days. On November 11, 2013 TC3A struck near the border of the Nugal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. The storm produced a maximum wind speed of 74kph(46mph) and (100-200)mm of rainfall. 2013 TC3A was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia, killing more than 162 people. The depression also destroyed over 1,000 houses, displaced tens of thousands of nomads, and killed millions of livestock. It was estimated that overall, 142,380 persons were affected by the disasters, with 8,523 households being worst hit and 1,435 households having lost all their livestock. It was reported that there were approximately 80 deaths mostly of children and the elderly who were most vulnerable to hypothermia and exposure. Makeshift structures for pastoralists were conspicuously absent or just frames, likely destroyed or damaged by high winds and rains. Numerous water sources were flooded, no longer serviceable and or contaminated in some areas. There were unconfirmed disease outbreaks and contamination of water sources from decaying animal remains. Thousands of livestock were reported dead as a consequence of icy rain, which was noted in the aerial assessment. FAO estimated 800,000 livestock were in the affected area. Anecdotal evidence suggested a less than 10 per cent survival rate for livestock in the hardest hit areas.

Tropical Cyclone 3A was recorded on November 11, 2013 when a deep depression struck near the border of Nugaal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. It was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia.It formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country. This cyclone had windspeeds of 74kph(46mph) and was characterized with rainfall amounts between (100-200)mm. The cyclone led to loss of human lives and destruction of assets including livestock and fishing boats. It destroyed numerous settlements, service centers, roads, schools, communication and electrical installations. The most affected areas included, Dangorayo, Bandar Beyla, Garowe and Eyl districts. Impacts can be summarized as follows:  Number of People Affected: 142,380 Number of People worst affected: 8,523 Number of people displaced: 5,000 Number of people injured: 1,435 Number of death:100 Number of lost livestock: 2,746 Crop destroyed:12000ha

This layer shows movement path of 2019 Tropical Cyclone Pawan in Somalia. A Tropical Storm initially named 06A formed in the northern Indian Ocean and later developed into a Tropical Cyclone named Pawan after sustaining wind speeds of more than 39mph (48kph) and heavy rain for two days. TC Pawan spread its clouds as far northwest as Oman and Yemen on its way to Somalia. It made landfall in Somalia on 7th December 2019 on the Coastal side of Puntland (Bossaso, Garowe).   The worst hit areas by 2019 TC Pawan included Nugaal Region (Eyl and Dangorayo Districts), Karkaar (Qardho District) and Bari Region (Alula, Iskushuban, and Baargaal Districts) who are under Garowe Somalia Red Crescent Society (SRCS) Branch) and the Coastal villages of Hafun, Iskushuban, Baargaal, Quandala and Alula Districts in Bari Region (under Bosasso SRCS Branch). Other areas affected include the coastal villages in Bari Region including Hafun, Iskushuban, Baargaal, Quandala and Alula districts. Most affected households needed urgent humanitarian assistance as they were already living in dire conditions prior to the crisis. The destruction and flooding caused by TC Pawan increased the vulnerability of communities and heightened the impact of the ever -challenging climatic extremes. The assessment estimated that 35,600 households, representing a population of 213,600 people had been affected. The assessment further estimated the affected population to represented 60-70% of the entire Bari and Nugaal Regions.

This layer shows the movement path of 2020 Tropical Cyclone Gati in Somalia. TC Gati originated from the Bay of Bengal and became the strongest ever documented tropical storm to hit Somalia. It made landfall at Ras Hafun (Northeast of Somalia) with maximum sustained winds of 170Km/hr and was classified as a Category 2 storm. Tropical Cyclone Gati was the strongest storm ever recorded in the northern Indian Ocean and wreaked unimaginable damage on people and property. GATI left a trail of destruction across Bari and Sanaag regions of Somalia, disproportionately affecting coastal communities. Authorities estimated about 180,000 people (30,000 households) to have been affected in Puntland Regional State, with 42,000 people (7,000 households) displaced and at least eight people killed and unknown number injured, with considerable damage reported to infrastructure, livelihoods, and social services (telecommunication, electricity, roads, schools). Resultant flooding burst the sewerage system and increased the risk of diseases among the affected population. The worst hit areas were Baargaal, Foocaar, Garduush, Hurdiya, and Xaafuun, Foocaar, Garduush and Garan Hoose were worst hit villages in the Indian Ocean, Bosaso / Qandala in the Gulf of Aden, and Baarmadowe.

This layer shows the movement path of 2015 Tropical Cyclone Chapala. On Monday 2 November 2015, Tropical Cyclone Chapala made a landfall in Yemen; however, its effects were also felt across the Gulf of Aden in Somalia where extensive rainfall was experienced in the Northern Bari region in Bosaso district, Puntland. The storm reached maximum wind speed of 130knots.  According to a joint inter-agency rapid assessment more than 500 families (4,000 people) were affected by Tropical Cyclones Chapala and Megh, most affected lived in Gardaful Region, Puntland. No human loss of life was reported, but the rainfall and waves destroyed people’s homes, washed fishing boats and nets, killed livestock (an estimated 3,000 sheep and goats, as well as 200 camels) and caused damage/destruction to public infrastructure including hospitals, roads and schools. It was also estimated that 4,000 people were displaced, with 1,129 people being worst affected, having lost their homes and livelihoods (business, fishing boats, engines and nets), which were swept away by waves. It was reported that there had been extensive damage/destruction to people’s livelihoods, with 80 per cent of villages in Alula and 60 per cent of villages in Af Kalahay Bareda, BiyoCade, Boolimoog, Dhurbo, Fagoora, Geesalay, Murcanyo, Murcanyo, Sayn Weyn, Sayn Yar, Toxiin and Xaabo experiencing loss of livestock and damage to crops and fisheries.

This layer shows the movement path of 2018 Tropical Cyclone Sagar. Cyclone Sagar made landfall in north-western Somaliland on 19 May, 2018. It was a very rare cyclone in the Gulf of Aden. The storm moved with wind gusts of up to 120 km/hour that delivered a year’s worth of rain to some areas, that is between 150 and 200mm in some parts of the north. UNICEF was among the first to respond following the powerful tropical cyclone which caused death and widespread destruction in Hargeisa, Somaliland. As per UNICEF reports, some 170,000 were affected by Cyclone Sagar which hit the coast of north-western Somaliland and Djibouti on 18th May 2018 bringing heavy rains leading to flooding and adverse impacts. On 19th May 2018, Cyclone Sagar made landfall in western Somaliland, impacting close to 170,000 people, mainly in Awdal region. The floods in the south and the cyclone in the north destroyed crops, destroyed shelters and social service infrastructure, including water, health, nutrition, and education facilities. The Somaliland authorities estimated 50 people died and seven were still missing. In Somaliland, at least 16 people died in Galbeed and Awdal, where the cyclone made landfall. Three quarters of the livestock were killed along with major damage of water systems and health facilities and 39 schools were damaged or destroyed with a major impact on children.   By the end of 2018, more than 5.7 million people required basic health services, including critical needs in maternal and child health.