Somalia Districts hit by 2018 Tropical Cyclone Saga

Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System described Cyclone Sagar as one of the strongest storms ever recorded in Somalia. This was a very rare cyclone in the Gulf of Aden that made landfall in north-western Somaliland on 19 May, 2018. This layer shows the occurence of TC Sagar in some regions of Somalia,including Awdal, Togdheer, Sool, Sanaag, Bari, Hiraan, Gedo and Lower Juba.The TC Sagar moved with wind gusts of up to 120 km/hour that delivered a year’s worth of rain to some areas in the north, that is between 150 and 200mm. TC Sagar was reported to have adverse impacts on Somalia regions. The United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) reported heavy rainfall, strong winds and dangerous flash floods hitting coastal areas of Puntland and Somaliland. This resulted in the loss of lives, crops and livestock as well as the destruction of property and infrastructure. Recored impacts according to regions included: Awdal, Bari, Sanaag, Sool, Togdheer Number of people affected: 228,000 Number of people displaced: 9,000 Awdal, Hiraan, Gedo, Lower Juba  Number of people affected:830,000 Number of people worst hit:170,000 Number of people displaced: 290,000 Number of people death: 50 Infrusructure destroyed:(20-40)schools and 21 health facilities

This layer shows the movement path of 2018 Tropical Cyclone Sagar. Cyclone Sagar made landfall in north-western Somaliland on 19 May, 2018. It was a very rare cyclone in the Gulf of Aden. The storm moved with wind gusts of up to 120 km/hour that delivered a year’s worth of rain to some areas, that is between 150 and 200mm in some parts of the north. UNICEF was among the first to respond following the powerful tropical cyclone which caused death and widespread destruction in Hargeisa, Somaliland. As per UNICEF reports, some 170,000 were affected by Cyclone Sagar which hit the coast of north-western Somaliland and Djibouti on 18th May 2018 bringing heavy rains leading to flooding and adverse impacts. On 19th May 2018, Cyclone Sagar made landfall in western Somaliland, impacting close to 170,000 people, mainly in Awdal region. The floods in the south and the cyclone in the north destroyed crops, destroyed shelters and social service infrastructure, including water, health, nutrition, and education facilities. The Somaliland authorities estimated 50 people died and seven were still missing. In Somaliland, at least 16 people died in Galbeed and Awdal, where the cyclone made landfall. Three quarters of the livestock were killed along with major damage of water systems and health facilities and 39 schools were damaged or destroyed with a major impact on children.   By the end of 2018, more than 5.7 million people required basic health services, including critical needs in maternal and child health.

2020 Tropical Cyclone Gati struck a couple of Somalia Districts including Ceerigaabo, Ceel Afweyn, Laasqoray, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Qandala and Qardho District. On November 22-23, 2020 TC Gati made landfall in northern Somalia, becoming the first hurricane-equivalent storm to hit the Horn of Africa. TC Gati originated from the Bay of Bengal. It made landfall at Ras Hafun (Northeast of Somalia) with maximum sustained winds of 170Km/hr. By 25 November 2020, TC GATI had dissipated but it left trail of destruction across Bari and Sanaag regions. Somalia villages struck by the storm included Bargaal, Gumbax, Caluula, Qandala, Lasqoray, Hadaaftimo, Badhan, Qardho, Waaciye, Ceel Dofaar, Iskushuban, Bilke, Bandarbyla, Baar-Madobe, Xaafuun, Hordio, Handa, Itaageer, Ahable, Dhaankadus, Dul Xaafuun, Dardaare, Garan, Baarmadowe, Hurdiya, Foocaar, Afdhicin, Haluula, Kurduush, , Taageer and Xandha. Tropical Cyclone Gati was the strongest storm ever recorded in the northern Indian Ocean and wreaked unimaginable damage on people and property. GATI left a trail of destruction across Bari and Sanaag regions of Somalia, disproportionately affecting coastal communities. Authorities estimated 180,000 people (30,000 households) had been affected in Puntland Regional State, with 42,000 people (7,000 households) displaced and at least eight people killed and unknown number injured, with considerable damage reported to infrastructure, livelihoods, and social services (telecommunication, electricity, roads, schools). Resultant flooding burst sewerage system and increased the risk of diseases among the affected population. The worst hit areas were Baargaal, Foocaar, Garduush, Hurdiya, and Xaafuun, Foocaar, Garduush and Garan Hoose were worst hit villages in the Indian Ocean, Bosaso and Qandala in the Gulf of Aden, and Baarmadowe.

2015 TC Megh struck Berbera and Bossaso Districts in Somalia. The storm orignated from the Arabian Sea causing even more rains in parts of Bari region in Puntland and Somaliland. On November 9, 2015 just days after TC Chapala, TC Megh passed 57 km (36 mi) north of Cape Guardafui, Somalia, where it dropped heavy rainfall 300% of the annual average. Eyl reported 160 mm (6.3 in) of rainfall over 24 hours.  The villages hitted in the two districts included, Af Kalahay, Alula, Bareda, BiyoCade, Boolimoog, Dhurbo, Fagoora, Geesalay, Murcanyo, Sayn Weyn, Sayn Yar, Toxin, Xaabo, Baargaal, Bander, Bareeda, Butiyaal, Caluula, Murcanyo, Qandalla, Xaabo and some parts of Xaafun, Biyacad, Bulahar, Ceelsheik and Shacable  TC Megh damaged roads, crops, and schools. Re-estimated population figures after Tropical Megh, showed 4.9 million people were in need of assistance, 308,700 children under-5 were acutely malnourished, of which 55,800 were severely malnourished and 1.1 million remain in a protracted internal displacement situation. Summary of impacts include: People affected: 132,000 People Displace: 3,000 Worst hit people: 800 Destroyed houses: 1,129

2019 Tropical Cyclone Pawan struck Eyl and Qurdho Districts in Somalia. TC Pawan was intially named Tropical Storm 06A which originated from northern Indian Ocean. TC Pawan spread its clouds as far northwest as Oman and Yemen on its way to Somalia as observed by NASA Worldview, Earth Observing System Data and Information System (EOSDIS). It made landfall in Somalia on 7th December 2019 on the Coastal side of Puntland. The storm influenced Somalia's weather patterns. Heavy rain and wind gusts of 80 km/h were reported in the region. Somali Water and Land Information Management (SWALIM) said some areas in Puntland recorded more than 3 times their long term mean annual rainfall during the storm. Eyl District recorded a total of 260mm in two days. Villages struck by the storm include Dangorayo, Karkaar, Hafun, Iskushuban, Baargaal, Quandala and Alula in Bari Region. 2019 TC Pawan had adverse impacts on Somalia. It was reported that 35,600 households, representing a population of 213,600 people had been affected. 2 people died following floods in Las Qoray (Sanaag Region). Roads connecting the town to the rest of the region were damaged. In central Somalia, River Shabelle flooded displacing over 1,500 people. Summary of impacts according to affected districts: Eyl,Qardho, Qandala: People Affected: 213600 (35600 HH) i.e. pastoralists 15,000 HH, fishing communities 7500 HH, rural-urban settlements 11600 HH including IDPs, farmers 1500 HH Household destroyed: 31500 (5250 households)

This layer shows Somalia Disricts struck by 2013 TC3A. They include, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Iskushuban, Qandala, Qardho, Garoowe and Eyl District. On 8 November 2013, TC3A formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country during the following days. On November 11, 2013 TC3A struck near the border of the Nugal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. The storm produced a maximum wind speed of 74kph(46mph) and (100-200)mm of rainfall. 2013 TC3A was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia, killing more than 162 people. The depression also destroyed over 1,000 houses, displaced tens of thousands of nomads, and killed millions of livestock. It was estimated that overall, 142,380 persons were affected by the disasters, with 8,523 households being worst hit and 1,435 households having lost all their livestock. It was reported that there were approximately 80 deaths mostly of children and the elderly who were most vulnerable to hypothermia and exposure. Makeshift structures for pastoralists were conspicuously absent or just frames, likely destroyed or damaged by high winds and rains. Numerous water sources were flooded, no longer serviceable and or contaminated in some areas. There were unconfirmed disease outbreaks and contamination of water sources from decaying animal remains. Thousands of livestock were reported dead as a consequence of icy rain, which was noted in the aerial assessment. FAO estimated 800,000 livestock were in the affected area. Anecdotal evidence suggested a less than 10 per cent survival rate for livestock in the hardest hit areas.