Somalia District hit by 2019 Tropical Cyclone Pawan

Tropical Cyclone Pawan was named after a tropical storm initially named 06A formed in the northern Indian Ocean. On December 7, 2019 Cyclonic Storm Pawan made landfall in Somalia just south of Eyl district with winds of around 65 mph (40 mph). This layer shows TC Pawan occurence in some regions of Somalia, including Bari, Mudug, Nugaal and Sanaag. The influence of TC Pawan was felt in the coastal areas of Bari and Mudug Regions where moderate to heavy rains had fell and strong winds were sustained on  7th and 8th December. Between 6th and 8th December 2019, TC Pawan caused flash floods and windstorms in the Puntland State of Somalia. Heavy rains and wind gusts of 80 km/h were reported. Pawan continued westward into Ethiopia and weakened. Summary of impacts included: Nugaal, Bari, Mudug Number of people affected:213600 (35600 HH) i.e. pastoralists 15,000 HH, fishing communities 7500 HH, rural-urban settlements 11600 HH including IDPs, farmers 1500 HH. Number of households destroyed:31500 (5250 households) Puntland, Sanaag Number of people who died: 2

This layer shows movement path of 2019 Tropical Cyclone Pawan in Somalia. A Tropical Storm initially named 06A formed in the northern Indian Ocean and later developed into a Tropical Cyclone named Pawan after sustaining wind speeds of more than 39mph (48kph) and heavy rain for two days. TC Pawan spread its clouds as far northwest as Oman and Yemen on its way to Somalia. It made landfall in Somalia on 7th December 2019 on the Coastal side of Puntland (Bossaso, Garowe).   The worst hit areas by 2019 TC Pawan included Nugaal Region (Eyl and Dangorayo Districts), Karkaar (Qardho District) and Bari Region (Alula, Iskushuban, and Baargaal Districts) who are under Garowe Somalia Red Crescent Society (SRCS) Branch) and the Coastal villages of Hafun, Iskushuban, Baargaal, Quandala and Alula Districts in Bari Region (under Bosasso SRCS Branch). Other areas affected include the coastal villages in Bari Region including Hafun, Iskushuban, Baargaal, Quandala and Alula districts. Most affected households needed urgent humanitarian assistance as they were already living in dire conditions prior to the crisis. The destruction and flooding caused by TC Pawan increased the vulnerability of communities and heightened the impact of the ever -challenging climatic extremes. The assessment estimated that 35,600 households, representing a population of 213,600 people had been affected. The assessment further estimated the affected population to represented 60-70% of the entire Bari and Nugaal Regions.

2020 Tropical Cyclone Gati struck a couple of Somalia Districts including Ceerigaabo, Ceel Afweyn, Laasqoray, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Qandala and Qardho District. On November 22-23, 2020 TC Gati made landfall in northern Somalia, becoming the first hurricane-equivalent storm to hit the Horn of Africa. TC Gati originated from the Bay of Bengal. It made landfall at Ras Hafun (Northeast of Somalia) with maximum sustained winds of 170Km/hr. By 25 November 2020, TC GATI had dissipated but it left trail of destruction across Bari and Sanaag regions. Somalia villages struck by the storm included Bargaal, Gumbax, Caluula, Qandala, Lasqoray, Hadaaftimo, Badhan, Qardho, Waaciye, Ceel Dofaar, Iskushuban, Bilke, Bandarbyla, Baar-Madobe, Xaafuun, Hordio, Handa, Itaageer, Ahable, Dhaankadus, Dul Xaafuun, Dardaare, Garan, Baarmadowe, Hurdiya, Foocaar, Afdhicin, Haluula, Kurduush, , Taageer and Xandha. Tropical Cyclone Gati was the strongest storm ever recorded in the northern Indian Ocean and wreaked unimaginable damage on people and property. GATI left a trail of destruction across Bari and Sanaag regions of Somalia, disproportionately affecting coastal communities. Authorities estimated 180,000 people (30,000 households) had been affected in Puntland Regional State, with 42,000 people (7,000 households) displaced and at least eight people killed and unknown number injured, with considerable damage reported to infrastructure, livelihoods, and social services (telecommunication, electricity, roads, schools). Resultant flooding burst sewerage system and increased the risk of diseases among the affected population. The worst hit areas were Baargaal, Foocaar, Garduush, Hurdiya, and Xaafuun, Foocaar, Garduush and Garan Hoose were worst hit villages in the Indian Ocean, Bosaso and Qandala in the Gulf of Aden, and Baarmadowe.

2018 Tropical Cyclone Saga struck several districts in Somalia. These include Bai, Lughaye, Zeylac, Laasqoray, Bossaso, Caluula, Iskushuban, Qardho and Garoowe District. TC Sagar originated from Yemen where it had caused flooding and wind damage. On 19 May, 2018 TC Sagar made landfall in north-western Somaliland. It moved with wind gusts of up to 120 km/hour that delivered a year’s worth of rain to some areas that is between 150 and 200mm in some parts of the north.  Villages struck by the storm include Lughaya, Zeila, Baki, Bareeda, Caluula, Murcanyo, Gumbax and Xaabo. On 19 May, TC Sagar made landfall in western Somaliland, impacting close to 170,000 people, mainly in Awdal region. The storm destroyed crops, shelters and social service infrastructure, including water, health, nutrition, and education facilities. The Somaliland authorities estimated 50 people died and seven were still missing. In Somaliland, at least 16 people died in Galbeed and Awdal, where the cyclone made landfall. Three quarters of the livestock were killed along with major damage of water systems and health facilities and 39 schools were damaged or destroyed with a major impact on children.    Summary of the storm's impacts according to districts: Galbeed, Laasqoray, Qardho, Ishkushban, Bossaso, Garowe People displaced: 1,780 families People affected: 669,000 Houses destroyed: 80 families Death: 52 People Injured: 12 Missing persons: 27(Mainland) and 4(Fishermen) Disrupted services: 5 in Bossaso and Garoowe  Bareeda, Caluula, Murcanyo, Gumbax, and some parts of Xaabo People Missing: In Puntland 35 houses, 15 small boats. In Tawakal, 220 improvised houses for IDPS were washed away. 30 boats in Caluula and 20 small boats in Bosaso seaport. In Berber 125 families. In Ceel Sheekh, 15 shelters destroyed. Livestock lost: In Puntland 56 camels, nearly 1,260 goats and sheep and 19 donkeys died.

This layer shows Somalia Disricts struck by 2013 TC3A. They include, Bossaso, Bandarbeyla, Caluula, Iskushuban, Qandala, Qardho, Garoowe and Eyl District. On 8 November 2013, TC3A formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country during the following days. On November 11, 2013 TC3A struck near the border of the Nugal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. The storm produced a maximum wind speed of 74kph(46mph) and (100-200)mm of rainfall. 2013 TC3A was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia, killing more than 162 people. The depression also destroyed over 1,000 houses, displaced tens of thousands of nomads, and killed millions of livestock. It was estimated that overall, 142,380 persons were affected by the disasters, with 8,523 households being worst hit and 1,435 households having lost all their livestock. It was reported that there were approximately 80 deaths mostly of children and the elderly who were most vulnerable to hypothermia and exposure. Makeshift structures for pastoralists were conspicuously absent or just frames, likely destroyed or damaged by high winds and rains. Numerous water sources were flooded, no longer serviceable and or contaminated in some areas. There were unconfirmed disease outbreaks and contamination of water sources from decaying animal remains. Thousands of livestock were reported dead as a consequence of icy rain, which was noted in the aerial assessment. FAO estimated 800,000 livestock were in the affected area. Anecdotal evidence suggested a less than 10 per cent survival rate for livestock in the hardest hit areas.

Tropical Cyclone 3A was recorded on November 11, 2013 when a deep depression struck near the border of Nugaal and Bari regions and caused severe flash flooding. It was the deadliest tropical cyclone on record in Somalia.It formed off the north-east coast of Somalia across the Indian Ocean, moving directly towards the coast of the country. This cyclone had windspeeds of 74kph(46mph) and was characterized with rainfall amounts between (100-200)mm. The cyclone led to loss of human lives and destruction of assets including livestock and fishing boats. It destroyed numerous settlements, service centers, roads, schools, communication and electrical installations. The most affected areas included, Dangorayo, Bandar Beyla, Garowe and Eyl districts. Impacts can be summarized as follows:  Number of People Affected: 142,380 Number of People worst affected: 8,523 Number of people displaced: 5,000 Number of people injured: 1,435 Number of death:100 Number of lost livestock: 2,746 Crop destroyed:12000ha