Syrian Arab Republic imagery and land cover data

Date of Images: Post-Event: 2/7/2023, 2/9/2023, 2/11/2023, 2/12/2023, 2/14/2023, 2/16/2023, 2/17/2023, 2/19/2023, 2/21/2023, 2/22/2023, 2/24/2023 Pre-Event: 12/28/2022, 1/10/2023, 1/22/2023, 1/25/2023, 1/28/2023 Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: The True Color RGB composite provides a product of how the surface would look to the naked eye from space. The RGB is created using the red, green, and blue channels of the respective instrument. The Natural Color RGB provides a false composite look at the surface. This RGB uses a shortwave, the near-infrared, and red channels from the instrument. Suggested Use: The True Color RGB provides a product of how the surface would look to the naked eye from space and may show damage caused by severe weather. The True Color RGB is produced using the 3 visible wavelength bands (red, green, and blue) from the respective sensor. Some minor atmospheric corrections have occurred. For the Natural Color RGB, areas of water will appear blue, healthy green vegetation will appear as a bright green, urban areas in various shades of magenta, snow covered areas in cyan. Satellite/Sensor: MultiSpectral Instrument (MSI) on European Space Agency's (ESA) Copernicus Sentinel-2A/2B satellites Resolution: True Color: 10 meters Natural Color: 20 meters Credits: NASA/MSFC, USGS, ESA Copernicus Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=5bd8e58267b5457e8f9f0299e30055ce WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202302_EARTHQUAKE_TURKIYE/2302_sentinel2/ImageServer/WMSServer

Date of Image: 2/8/2023, 2/9/2023, 2/10/2023 Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: 2/8/2023 (EOS-RS, JAXA ALOS-2) The Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS) created this preliminary Damage Proxy Map (DPM) depicting areas that are likely damaged in Turkiye (Turkey) and Syria due to the M7.8 and M7.5 earthquakes that occurred on 6 Feb 2023. This map was derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the ALOS-2 satellite operated by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) before (7 Apr 2021 and 6 Apr 2022) and after (8 Feb 2023) the event. 2/9/2023 (EOS-RS, Copernicus Sentinel-1) The Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS) created this preliminary Damage Proxy Map (DPM) depicting areas that are likely damaged in Turkiye (Turkey) and Syria due to the M7.8 and M7.5 earthquakes that occurred on 6 Feb 2023. This map was derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellite operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) before (12 Oct 2022 to 28 Jan 2023) and after (9 Feb 2023) the event. 2/10/2023 (EOS-RS, Copernicus Sentinel-1) The Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS) created this preliminary Damage Proxy Map (DPM) depicting areas that are likely damaged in Turkiye (Turkey) and Syria due to the M7.8 and M7.5 earthquakes that occurred on 6 Feb 2023. This map was derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images acquired by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellite operated by the European Space Agency (ESA) before (13 Oct 2022 to 29 Jan 2023) and after (10 Feb 2023) the event. Suggested Use: Standard Version: The color variation from pale yellow to red indicates increasingly more significant surface change (drop in radar reflection coherence). Preliminary validation was done by comparing with high-resolution optical imagery and media reports. Color Vision Deficiency (CVD) Version: The color variation from light blue to dark blue indicates increasingly more significant surface change. Preliminary validation was done by comparing with high-resolution optical imagery and media reports. NOTE: This damage proxy map could be used as a guidance to identify damaged areas, and may be less reliable over vegetated areas. The time intervals between the ALOS-2 acquisitions are up to a year apart, so the accuracy of the DPM may be lower in areas of vegetation, such as in the mountains. Scattered pixels over vegetated areas may be false positives, and a lack of colored pixels over vegetated areas may not mean no damage. Satellite/Sensor: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Copernicus Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Resolution: 30 meters Credits: Original data ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 Product - JAXA (2021-2023). Data were provided by Sentinel Asia and analyzed by the Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS) in collaboration with NASA-JPL and Caltech. The product contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2022-2023), processed by ESA and analyzed by the Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS) in collaboration with NASA-JPL and Caltech, using the Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) system originally developed at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, and modified at EOS-RS. Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=9d7145c545c6407680b368601b9a611e WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202302_EARTHQUAKE_TURKIYE/2302_opera_rs_dpm/ImageServer/WMSServer Data Download: http://eos-rs-products.earthobservatory.sg/EOS-RS_202302_Turkiye_Syria_Earthquake/

Date of Image: 2/10/2023 Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: 2/10/2023 (ARIA, Copernicus Sentinel-1) The Advanced Rapid Imaging and Analysis (ARIA) team at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and California Institute of Technology in Southern California created this Damage Proxy Map (DPM) depicting areas that are likely damaged by the large earthquakes (Feb. 06, 2023) in Turkiye (Turkey) and Syria. The map was derived from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images on Feb. 10, 2023 by the Copernicus Sentinel-1 satellites operated by the European Space Agency (ESA). The pre-event images were taken from Sep. 19, 2022 to Jan. 29, 2022). Suggested Use: Standard Version: The color variation from pale yellow to red indicates increasingly more significant surface change (drop in radar reflection coherence). Preliminary validation was done by comparing with high-resolution optical imagery and media reports. NOTE: This damage proxy map could be used as a guidance to identify damaged areas, and may be less reliable over vegetated and mountainous areas. Scattered pixels over vegetated areas may be false positives, and a lack of colored pixels over vegetated areas may not mean no damage. Satellite/Sensor: Copernicus Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Resolution: 30 meters Credits: Sentinel-1 data were accessed through the Copernicus Open Hub and the Alaska Satellite Facility server. The product contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2022-2023), processed by ESA and analyzed by the NASA-JPL/Caltech ARIA team in collaboration with Earth Observatory of Singapore - Remote Sensing Lab (EOS-RS). Part of the funding was provided by NASA's Earth Applied Sciences Disasters Program. Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=4e684f9ad7e74e5d991cb011ca0d07ad WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202302_EARTHQUAKE_TURKIYE/2302_opera_dpm/ImageServer/WMSServer Data Download: https://aria-share.jpl.nasa.gov/20230206_Turkey_EQ/DPM/

This map illustrates satellite-detected damage in the subdistricts of Kafr Batna and Irbin and in the eastern part of Damascus city, Syrian Arab Republic. Using satellite imagery collected 23 February 2018 and comparing with imagery acquired 3 December 2017, UNITAR - UNOSAT conducted a Rapid Damage Assessment, over a total area of 62.5 square kilometers, to provide an overview of areas of recent damage. The area analyzed was divided in cells and each cell was assessed searching for presence of new damage. Our analysis shows that 29% of the cells were affected by major new damage, with presence of buildings completely destroyed or severely damaged between 3 December 2017 and 23 February 2018. In addition 24% of the cells showed signs of minor new damage, with visible impact craters, debris or moderately damaged structures. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR - UNOSAT.

This map illustrates shelters in the area of the Hadalat crossing on the Syrian-Jordanian border. Using a satellite image collected by the WorldView-2 satellite on 04 May 2017, UNOSAT located 1,396 probable shelters. This is a 10% decrease in shelters since the previous UNOSAT analysis done using an image collected 04 March 2017 and a 28% decrease since the 14 May 2016 analysis. Due to the small size and the irregularity of the shelters it is likely that some shelters may have been missed in this analysis, or some shelters were included erroneously. Due to the scale of this map and the lack of suitable border information at this scale, the border in this map has been excluded. This map is intended for field support and local authorities should be consulted for boundary information. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR-UNOSAT.

This map illustrates shelters in the area of the Rukban border crossing on the Syrian-Jordanian border. Using a satellite image collected by the Deimos-2 satellite on 10 January 2018, UNOSAT located 10,418 probable shelters along the Jordanian side of the border, 25 kilometers southwest of the Al Waleed crossing. This is a 6.5 percent increase in apparent shelters visible compared to the previous UNOSAT analysis done using an image collected 21 September 2017. Due to the small size and the irregularity of the shelters it is likely that some shelters may have been missed in this analysis, or some shelters were included erroneously. Due to the scale of this map and the lack of suitable border information at this scale, the border in this map has been excluded. This map is intended for field support and local authorities should be consulted for boundary information. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR-UNOSAT.

This map illustrates shelters in the area of the Rukban border crossing on the Syrian-Jordanian border. Using a satellite image collected by the Pleiades satellite on 02 September 2016, UNOSAT located 8,295 probable shelters along the Jordanian side of the border, 25 kilometers southwest of the Al Waleed crossing. This is an 26 percent increase in apparent shelters visible compared to the previous UNOSAT analysis done using an image collected 25 July 2016. Due to the small size and the irregularity of the shelters it is likely that some shelters may have been missed in this analysis, or some shelters were included erroneously. Due to the scale of this map and the lack of suitable border information at this scale, the border in this map has been excluded. This map is intended for field support and local authorities should be consulted for boundary information. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR-UNOSAT.

This map illustrates shelters in the area of the Rukban border crossing on the Syrian-Jordanian border. Using a satellite image collected by the WorldView-3 satellite on 29 April 2017, UNOSAT located 8,382 probable shelters along the Jordanian side of the border, 25 kilometers southwest of the Al Waleed crossing. This is a 22.9 percent increase in apparent shelters visible compared to the previous UNOSAT analysis done using an image collected 17 February 2017. Due to the small size and the irregularity of the shelters it is likely that some shelters may have been missed in this analysis, or some shelters were included erroneously. Due to the scale of this map and the lack of suitable border information at this scale, the border in this map has been excluded. This map is intended for field support and local authorities should be consulted for boundary information. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR-UNOSAT.

This map illustrates satellite-detected damage in the city of Douma, in Eastern Ghouta Area, Syrian Arab Republic. Using satellite imagery collected 2 March 2018 and comparing with imagery acquired 23 February 2018, UNITAR - UNOSAT conducted a Rapid Damage Assessment, over a total area of 17.1 square kilometers, to provide an overview of areas of recent damage. The area analyzed was divided in cells and each cell was assessed searching for presence of damage. Our analysis shows that 17% of the cells were affected by major new damage, with presence of buildings completely destroyed or severely damaged between 23 February 2018 and 2 March 2018. In addition 22% of the cells showed signs of minor new damage, with visible impact craters, debris or moderately damaged structures. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR - UNOSAT.

This map illustrates shelters in the area of the Rukban border crossing on the Syrian-Jordanian border. Using satellite images collected by the WorldView-03 satellite on 23 June 2018 and the GaoFen-2 satellite on 24 June 2018, UNOSAT located 11,702 probable shelters along the Jordanian side of the border, 25 kilometers southwest of the Al Waleed crossing. This is a 12 percent increase in apparent shelters visible compared to the previous UNOSAT analysis done using an image collected 16 January 2018. Due to the small size and the irregularity of the shelters it is likely that some shelters may have been missed in this analysis, or some shelters were included erroneously. Due to the scale of this map and the lack of suitable border information at this scale, the border in this map has been excluded. This map is intended for field support and local authorities should be consulted for boundary information. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR-UNOSAT.

This map illustrates satellite-detected damage in the subdistricts of Kafr Batna and Irbin and in the eastern part of Damascus city, Syrian Arab Republic. Using satellite imagery collected 6 March 2018 and comparing with imagery acquired 23 February 2018, UNITAR - UNOSAT conducted a Rapid Damage Assessment, over a total area of 94.7 square kilometers, to provide an overview of areas of recent damage. The area analyzed was divided in cells and each cell was assessed searching for presence of new damage. Our analysis shows that 14% of the cells were affected by major new damage, with presence of buildings completely destroyed or severely damaged between 23 February 2018 and 6 March 2018. In addition 14% of the cells showed signs of minor new damage, with visible impact craters, debris or moderately damaged structures. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR - UNOSAT.

This map illustrates satellite-detected damage density in the city of Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic. Satellite imagery acquired 18 September 2016, 01 May 2015, 26 April 2015, 23 May 2014, 23 September 2013, and 21 November 2010 was analyzed. UNITAR - UNOSAT identified a total of 35,722 affected structures, of which 4,773 were destroyed, 14,680 severely damaged, and 16,269 moderately damaged, as of 18 September 2016. This represents an increase of approximately 154.5% in total damage since the previous UNITAR-UNOSAT analysis done using images from 1 May 2015 and 26 April 2015. This analysis was done as part of the REACH initiative for the U.S. Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance. It is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR - UNOSAT.

This map illustrates satellite-detected damage density in the subdistricts of Kafr Batna and Irbin and in the eastern part of Damascus city, Syrian Arab Republic. Using satellite imagery acquired 3 December 2017 and 2 April 2016, UNITAR - UNOSAT identified a total of 12,541 affected structures. Approximately 3,853 of these were destroyed, 5,141 severely damaged, and 3,547 moderately damaged. Comparison with the previous UNOSAT analysis using imagery from 2 April 2016 shows an overall increase of 6% in the number of damaged buildings since 2016. The areas with a higher increase in the percentage of damage are Ein Tarma (14% increase), Hammura (15% increase) and Kafr Batna (17 % increase). Moreover, approximately 7% of the buildings damaged as of April 2016 have been targeted again and suffered additional damage. The majority of these buildings are located in Ein Tarma, Jobar and Al Maamouniye. This is a preliminary analysis and has not yet been validated in the field. Please send ground feedback to UNITAR - UNOSAT.

Date of Images: Post-Event: 2/7/2023, 2/9/2023, 2/11/2023, 2/12/2023, 2/14/2023, 2/19/2023, 2/20/2023, 2/21/2023, 2/22/2023, 2/23/2023 Pre-Event: None Date of Next Image: Unknown Summary: The Natural Color RGB provides a false composite look at the surface. This RGB uses a shortwave, the near-infrared, and red channels from the instrument. Suggested Use: For the Natural Color RGB, areas of water will appear blue, healthy green vegetation will appear as a bright green, urban areas in various shades of magenta, snow covered areas in cyan. Satellite/Sensor: Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) Landsat 9 Operational Land Imager-2 (OLI-2) Resolution: 30 meters Credits: NASA/MSFC, USGS Service URL: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/home/item.html?id=d55a0695be0847419888c9e8eb5741d7 WMS Endpoint: https://gis.earthdata.nasa.gov/portal/services/DISASTERS_202302_EARTHQUAKE_TURKIYE/2302_landsat/ImageServer/WMSServer